Protein crystal growth

Protein acidulant Protein additives Protein ammo acids a-l-Proteinase inhibitor Protein-based mimetics Protein Ca [42617-41-4] Protein channels Protein chromatography Protein crystal growth... 

S. C. Ke, L. J. DeLucas, J. G. Harrison. Computer simulation of protein crystal growth using aggregates as the growth unit. J Phy D 57 1064, 1998. 

Hansen CL, Skordalakes E, Berger JM, Quake SR (2002) A robust and scalable microfluidic metering method that allows protein crystal growth by free interface diffusion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 16531-16536 Herzig-Marx R, Queeney KT, Rebecca JJ, Schmidt MA, Jensen KF (2004) Infrared spectroscopy for chemically specific sensing in silicon-based microreactors. Anal Chem 76 6476-6483... 

Ataka, M. (1993). Protein crystal growth An approach based on phase diagram determination. Phase Transitions 45, 205-219. 

Ataka, M. and Wakayama, N. I. (2002). Effects of a magnetic field and magnetization force on protein crystal growth. Why does a magnet improve the quahty of some crystals Acta Crystallogr. D 58,1708-1710. 

Deszczynski, M., Harding, S.E., Winzor, D.J. (2006). Negative second virial coefficients as predictors of protein crystal growth evidence from sedimentation equilibrium studies that refutes the designation of those light scattering parameters as osmotic virial coefficients. Biophysical Chemistry, 120, 106-113. 

Protein Crystal Growth. By the mid-1990s, the protein crystal growth experiments produced the most spectacular results of all the space... 

The indirect chemical evidence described above was masterfully interpreted to suggest the dithiolene chelate and substituents of molybdopterin. Nevertheless, it was protein crystallography that provided definitive proof of the intact dithiolene chelate in the molybdenum and tungsten enzymes. Improvements both in protein crystal growth, diffraction data collection, and in computation... 

Hansen, C. L., et ah, A robust and scalable microfluidic metering method that allows protein crystal growth by free interface diffusion. PNAS 2002, 99, 16531— 16536. 

Carter, C.W., Baldwin, E.T., Frick, L., Statistical design of experiments for protein crystal-growth and the use of a precrystallization assay. J. Cryst. Growth 1988, 90 (1-3), 60-73. 

Wang, Y. P., et al., Protein crystal growth in microgravity using a liquid/liquid diffusion method. Micrograv. Sci. Technol. 1996, 9 (4), 281-283. 

An important feature of protein crystal growth experiments is the need to carry out crystallization trials with very small quantities of scarce and expensive materials. When experiments are carried out in such small volumes (typically, 5—100 ju.1), it becomes difficult to define and control solution properties. The situation becomes particularly complicated when vapor diffusion or other nonequilibrium approaches to crystal growth are used, as these produce different and changing conditions throughout the small volumes involved. 

Protein crystal growth involves the incorporation of a complex unit into an existing lattice. The growth unit usually includes the covalent polypeptide chain, water molecules that are integral components of the folded protein structure, and additional water molecules and solvent ions that may become immobilized at crystal lattice contacts. Direct inter-... 

The objective of most protein crystallization experiments is to obtain a few large crystals. As outlined in Sections IV,C and VI, two of the major obstacles to controlled protein crystal growth are the extreme sensitivity of nucleation rate to supersaturation conditions and the necessity for higher supersaturations to promote nucleation than are needed for growth (Fig. 2). An inherent shortcoming of many crystallization methods is that they depend on similar conditions both to promote nucleation and to support growth. A frequent result is either no crystals or the formation of many small crystals. However, alternative approaches have been developed that attempt to individually optimize nucleation and growth conditions. 

Space exploration offers a unique opportunity to test the effects of gravity on protein crystal growth (Morita, 1985 Bugg, 1986 DeLucas et al., 1986 Drenth et al., 1987). Although it may not be obvious, the growth of millimeter-sized protein crystals in microliter volumes is af-... 

Gilliland GL, Tung M, Blakeslee DM, Ladner JE. Biological macromolecule crystallization database, version-3.0 - New features, data and the NASA archive for protein crystal-growth data. Acta Cryst. D-Biol. Cryst. 1994 50 408-413. 

B. Guo, S. Kao, H. McDonald, A. Asanov, L.L. Combs, W.W. Wilson, Correlation of second viral coefficients and solubilities useful in protein crystal growth, J. Cryst. Growth 196 (1999) 424-433. 

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