Protein-based molecularly imprinted preparation

In addition to the freeze drying technique to prepare protein-based molecularly imprinted materials, chemical cross-linking has also been employed to prepare... 

In contrast to these approaches based on nonspecific interactions, Zhang and coworkers described a molecularly imprinted hydrogel based on the ther-moresponsive PNIPAM [184], This hydrogel was prepared by copolymerization of a metal chelate monomer iV-(4-vinyl)-benzyl iminodiacetic acid, which formed a coordination complex with the template protein in the presence of Cu ions, A-isopropylacrylamide, acrylamide, and IV.lV-methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinker. The interaction of the imprinted thermoresponsive hydrogel with the protein could be switched between coordination effects and electrostatic attraction by addition or omission of Cu ions. Furthermore, this imprinted hydrogel allowed switching of lysozyme adsorption by changing the temperature. 

LI.2 Synthetic polymeric type CSPs. With the aim of mimicking nature and naturally occurring biopolymeric SOs like polysaccharides or proteins, researchers have developed several approaches for the preparation of new types of synthetic macromolec-ular SOs. These new polymeric SOs may be divided into (a) SOs synthesized from achiral monomers including helical polyacrylates and molecular imprint type CSPs and (b) SOs synthesized from chiral monomers including polyacrylamides and network polymers based on tartaric acid diamides. 

Inorganic ions, drugs, nucleic acids, proteins, and even cells are successful examples of imprinting. In this way, affinity sensors, receptor sensors, and catalytic sensors based on MIPs have been explored. For affinity sensors, immunosensor-like devices were prepared by a 2D MIP technique with molecular imprinting on chemisorbed alkanethiol SAMs then after necessary procedures, vitamins Ki, K2, E, cholesterol, and adamantine could be detected by the strong electrochemical signals yielded. The sensors for nucleic acids, cholesterol, and catechol derivatives can be fabricated first by their adsorption as a template on the ITO surface and then by the treatment of the electrode with adsorbed template using trimethyl chlorosilane from the gas phase. 

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