Prostate tumors urothelial carcinoma

D2-40, a clone of podoplanin, is a recently developed commercially available antibody directed against the M2A antigen, a 40,000-kD sialoglycoprotein associated with germ cells and lymphatic endothelium. Chu and colleagues evaluated 53 cases of mesothelioma, 28 cases of reactive pleural tissue, 30 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 35 cases of renal cell carcinoma, 26 cases of ovarian serous carcinoma, 16 cases of invasive breast carcinoma, 11 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma, and 7 cases of urothelial carcinoma. The authors found D2-40 expression in 51 of 53 (96%) mesotheliomas, 27 of 28 (96%) reactive pleural tissues, and 17 of 26 (65%) ovarian serous carcinomas. They did not find D2-40 in the other tumors examined. The authors also observed that the neoplastic cells immunostained in a cell membrane distribution. 

Prostatic involvement by urothelial carcinoma can result from direct invasion of an infiltrating bladder cancer into prostate stroma, as well as through extension of urothelial tumor through intraductal route with or without subsequent stromal invasion of the prostate. 37... 

Currently, biopsies of the prostatic urethra are recommended as a staging procedure in patients undergoing intravesical treatment for superficial bladder tumors. If intraductal urothelial carcinoma is identified on TURP or transurethral biopsy, patients will usually be recommended for radical cystoprostatectomy. The finding of intraductal urothelial carcinoma has also been demonstrated to increase the risk of urethral recurrence following cystoprostatectomy, such that its identification may also result in prophylactic total urethrectomy. Immunohistochemical stains for basal cells (high-molecular-weight cytokeratin, p63) may in some cases only outline the prostatic basal cells and in other cases label the intraductal urothelial carcinoma. 

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