Prostaglandin pharmacology

Nakano J. General pharmacology of prostaglandins. In Cuthbert MF, editor. The Prostaglandins Pharmacological and Therapeutic Advances. Philadelphia JB Lippincott, 1973 23-124. 

M. F. Cuthbert, ed.. The Prostaglandins, Pharmacological and Therapeutic Advances, (Heinemann, London, 1973). 

Further pharmacologic investigation made possible by these sources of prostaglandins identified many areas in which the drugs might have useful activity. These, to name only a few, in-... 

Patrignani P, Panara MR, Greco A et al (1994) Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of the cyclooxygenase activity of human blood prostaglandin endoperoxide synthases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 271 1705-1712... 

Hata AN, Breyer RM (2004) Pharmacology and signaling of prostaglandin receptors Multiple roles in inflammation and immune modulation. Pharmacol Ther 103 147-166... 

Eicosanoids are formed from 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids and make up an important group of physiologically and pharmacologically active compounds known as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, and lipoxins. 

Palytoxin is hemolytic (4) and is an extremely potent toxin (7). We have shown that in rat liver cells palytoxin stimulates de-esterification of cellular lipids to liberate arachidonic acid (5). These rat liver cells metabolize this increased arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenase pathway to produce prostaglandin (PG) I2 and lesser amounts of PGE2 and PGp2. Palytoxin acts on many cells in culture to stimulate the production of cyclooxygenase metabolites (Table I). Clearly, the myriad pharmacological effects of the arachidonic acid metabolites must be considered in any explanation of the many clinical manifestations of palytoxin s toxicity. 

In the preceding chapters, the synaptic pharmacology of those substances clearly established as NTs in the CNS, i.e. glutamate, GABA, ACh, NA, DA, 5-HT and certain peptides, has been discussed in some detail. There are other substances found in the CNS that could have a minor transmitter role, e.g. ATP, histamine and adrenaline, while still others that cannot claim such a property but clearly modify CNS function in some way, e.g. steroids, prostaglandins and nitric oxide. We will consider each of them in what we hope is appropriate detail. 

When we use a hormone as a drug, we can give it systemically. It enters into the blood stream and acts physiologically and pharmacologically as it is acting in the body. Contrary, autacoids such as prostaglandins and superoxide dismutase are... 

Foegh, M.L. and Ramwell, P.W., The eicosanoids prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes and related compounds, in Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 8th ed., Katzung, B.G., Ed., Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001, chap. 18. 

Which of the following does not produce its pharmacologic effects by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis ... 

New substances of this family are in development, and we cannot exclude the possibility that oriented modifications of the molecules of SERMs, statins, or prostaglandin inhibitors will be able to enhance their effect on the breast or bone, maintaining equivalent power in their genuine indication. Knowing that a perfect multitasking molecule is unlikely, we can expect to obtain the maximal benefit from a single pharmacological intervention with substances with relevant added positive effects. 

Cashin, C. H., Dawson, W. and Kitchen, E.A. (1977). The pharmacology of benoxaprofen (2-[4-chlorophynl]-a-methyl-5-benzoxazole acetic acid), LRCL 3794, a new compound with anti-inflammatory activity apparently unrelated to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 29 330-336. 

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