Propofol, safety

Sandiumenge Camps A, Sanchez-Izquierdo Riera JA, Toral Vazquez D, Sa Borges M, Peinado Rodriguez J, Alted Lopez E. Midazolam and 2% propofol in longterm sedation of traumatized critically ill patients efficacy and safety comparison. Crit Care Med 2000 28(ll) 3612-9. 

Zaloga GP, Teres D. The safety and efficacy of propofol containing EDTA a randomised clinical trial programme focusing on cation and trace metal homeostasis in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2000 26(Suppl 4) S398-9. 

Knibbe CA, Voortman HJ, Aarts LP, Kuks PF, Lange R, Langemeijer HJ, Danhof M. Pharmacokinetics, induction of anaesthesia and safety characteristics of propofol 6% SAZN vs propofol 1% SAZN and Diprivan-10 after bolus injection. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999 47(6) 653-60. 

Sodium pentothal (also called thiopental sodium) is commonly used as an intravenous anesthetic. The onset of anesthesia and the loss of consciousness occur within seconds of its administration. Care must be taken when administering sodium pentothal because the dose for effective anesthesia is 75% of the lethal dose. Because of its toxicity, it cannot he used as the sole anesthetic. It is generally used to induce anesthesia before an inhalation anesthetic is administered. Propofol is an anesthetic that has all the properties of the perfect anesthetic It can he used as the sole anesthetic by intravenous drip, it has a rapid and pleasant induction period and a wide margin of safety, and recovery from the drug is rapid and pleasant. 

Thiopental and propofol are the two most commonly used parenteral agents. Thiopental has a long-established track record of safety. Propofol is advantageous for procedures where rapid return to a preoperative mental status is desirable. Etomidate usually is reserved for patients at risk for hypotension and/or myocardial ischemia. Ketamine is best suited for patients with asthma or for children undergoing short, painful procedures. 

Committee on Safety of Medicines. Propofol - convulsions, anaphylaxis and delayed recovery from anaesthesia. Current Problems (1989) 26. 

A retrospective review of 1633 propofol procedural sedation records administered by paediatric hospitalists for diagnostic imaging in children between January 2005 and September 2009 were reviewed [73. The safety and efficacy of propofol procedural sedation by non-anaesthesiologists is again confirmed with a 99% case completion rate and low incidence of adverse events reported. 

Balanced propofol sedation versus propofol monosedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy Three studies compare the efficacy and safety of procedural sedation with propofol alone or a balanced technique with propofol and/or benzodiazepine and/or opioid. Patient satisfaction was higher in the balanced propofol sedation group [82 ] but recovery time was prolonged [82, 83 ]. There was no difference in cardiorespiratory adverse events between groups [82-84 j. 

Torbic H, Papadopoulos S, Manjourides J, Devlin JW. Impact of a protocol advocating dexmedetomidine over propofol sedation after robotic-assisted direct coronary artery bypass surgery on duration of mechanical ventilation and patient safety. Aim Pharmacother... 

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