Propazine

Immediately after dipping perphenazine (h/ f 28-33) appeared as pink-colored, fluphenazine (hRj 30-35), dixyrazine (hRj 33-38) and verophene (= promazine, hRf 38-43) as skin-colored and periciazine (h/ f 35-40) as orange, promethazine (h/ f 43-48) as bright pink, alimemazine (h/ f 60-65) as skin-colored and dibutil (etho-propazine, hRf 75-80) as pink-colored chromatogram zones on a colorless background (Fig. 2). The colors faded after some time. 

Atrazine Cyanazine Desisopropylatrazine Hexazinon Metamitron Metribuzin Prometryn Propazine Sebutylazine Simazine Terbutryn Terbutylazine... 

Immunosorbents have also found applicability in on-line SPE analysis. An antibody is immobilized on to a silica support and used as an affinity ligand to retain targeted analytes. Components not recognized by the antibody are not retained and some degree of selectivity is attained. Recoveries of 87-103% were obtained for atrazine, simazine, DEA, propazine, and terbuthylazine at the 0.2 xgL concentration level when using immunosorbent SPE (80 mg silica and 2 mg anti-atrazine and anti-chlortoluron antibodies) on-line with LC/APcI-MS however, this method is not applicable to DIA (0% recovery). This compound may be better retained when using an... 

Membrane separation coupled on-line to a flow-injection system was employed for the monitoring of propazine and terbutryn in natural water. A microporous hydro-phobic membrane was utilized in which the analytes were extracted from the aqueous medium into an organic solvent that was carried to the flow cell of a photodiode-array spectrophotometer. The LCDs were 4-5 qg so the technique could potentially be used for screening purposes. Samples with positive detection would require further analysis. 

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is generally used for the extraction of selected analytes from solid sample matrices, but applications have been reported for aqueous samples. In one study, recoveries of 87-100% were obtained for simazine, propazine, and trietazine at the 0.05 ug mL concentration level using methanol-modified CO2 (10%, v/v) to extract the analytes, previously preconcentrated on a C-18 Empore extraction disk. The analysis was performed using LC/UV detection. Freeze-dried water samples were subjected to SFE for atrazine and simazine, and the optimum recoveries were obtained using the mildest conditions studied (50 °C, 20 MPa, and 30 mL of CO2). In some cases when using LEE and LC analysis, co-extracted humic substances created interference for the more polar metabolites when compared with SFE for the preparation of the same water sample. ... 

In another study, catfish samples were homogenized in ethyl acetate, and the residues were partitioned into acetonitrile and petroleum ether, subjected to C-18 SPE purification, and analyzed using LC/UV detection. "" Quantitative recoveries were obtained for atrazine, simazine, and propazine in the 12.5-100 lagkg concentration range. 

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SEC) was first reported in 1962, and applications of the technique rapidly increased following the introduction of commercially available instrumentation in the early 1980s due to the ability to determine thermally labile compounds using detection systems more commonly employed with GC. However, few applications of SEC have been published with regard to the determination of triazines. Recently, a chemiluminescence nitrogen detector was used with packed-column SEC and a methanol-modified CO2 mobile phase for the determination of atrazine, simazine, and propazine. Pressure and mobile phase gradients were used to demonstrate the efficacy of fhe fechnique. 

Structurally related compounds may cross-react with the antibody, yielding inaccurate results. In screening for the herbicide alachlor in well water by immunoassay, a number of false positives were reported when compared with gas chromatography (GC) analysis. A metabolite of alachlor was found to be present in the samples and it was subsequently determined that the cross-reactivity by this metabolite accounted for the false-positive results. On the other hand, cross-reactivity by certain structural analogs may not be an issue. For example, in an assay for the herbicide atrazine, cross-reactivity by propazine is 196% because of atrazine and propazine field use... 

Other chlorotriazines (simazine, propazine, terbuthylazine) follow the same biotransformation pathway of atrazine therefore, urinary excretion of bi-dealkylated, deisopropylated, and deethylated metabolites is not compound specific. When simultaneous exposure to different chlorotriazines occurs, the unmodified compound measured in urine, even though it represents a minor portion of the absorbed dose, may be useful for a qualitative confirmation of exposure. 

Fig. 9a, b. Chromatograms obtained after pre-concentration of a 100 ml groundwater sample spiked at 1 p.g 1 1 through a a CP-cartridge b a cartridge filled with a polymer imprinted with terbuthylazine. Peaks 1 = deisopropylatrazine, 2 = deethylatrazine, 3 = simazine, 4 = atrazine, 5 = propazine, 6 = terbuthylazine, I.S. = internal standard (diuron). Reprinted with permission from Ferrer I, Lanza F, Tolokan A, Horvath V, Sellergren B, Horvai G, Barcelo D (2000) Anal Chem 72 3934. Copyright 2000 American Chemical Society... 

Potassium dimethyl phosphorodithioate, see Malathion Potassium dimethyl phosphorothioate, see Malathion Prometone, see Propazine... 

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