Product Attributes and Physical Characterization

Physical characterization of the CBI ceramic aggregate was accomplished at the Civil Engineering Department of Stanford University. Samples were analyzed for specific surface area and pore volume, by BET adsorption, and microscopic morphology, by SEM imaging. These analyses were performed on fired samples from the matrix of additive-sludge mixtures described in the previous paragraph. 

Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis was carried out on the ceramic aggregate with both nitrogen and krypton as adsorbates. The sample was crushed and dry sieved, and the fraction between 74 and 589 micrometer was retained for analysis. Results were repeatable, and consistent for the two gases. Over the range of firing and proportioning conditions studied, specific surface area of the ceramic aggregate was between 0.3 and 6 m Vg, which can be compared, for example, to a non-porous 

At this writing, we have designed and built a small production unit to test and demonstrate the CBI process in a continuous system. The equipment design (patent pending) incorporates mechanical simplicity and energy efficiency into a reliable, 

Ceramic Bonding has embarked on a program to develop versatile equipment to aid metal fabricators in their efforts to eliminate hazardous waste generation. Because of the applicability of the CBI process to a variety of hazardous, heavy metal wastes, the CBI equipment is also a natural solution for site cleanup and municipal hazardous waste conversion. With this innovative technology, continued release of fugitive heavy metals into the environment can be halted. 

The authors acknowledge Ken Wilson of CBI, for his assistance in the laboratory and George Redden and Wendell Ela of Stanford, for their contribution to the physical and chemical analyses. 

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