Process design reliability

While many methods for parameter estimation have been proposed, experience has shown some to be more effective than others. Since most phenomenological models are nonlinear in their adjustable parameters, the best estimates of these parameters can be obtained from a formalized method which properly treats the statistical behavior of the errors associated with all experimental observations. For reliable process-design calculations, we require not only estimates of the parameters but also a measure of the errors in the parameters and an indication of the accuracy of the data. 

Kluger, P. 1964 Evaluation of the Effects of Manufacturing Processes on Structural Design Reliability. In Proceedings 10th National Symposium on Reliability and Quality Control, IEEE, Washington, 538-544. 

Lieberman, N. R, Process Design For Reliable Operations, 2nd Ed., Gulf Publishing Co., 1989. 

We are concerned, in this discussion, with original design for reliability. Norman Lieberman s excellent book laments the dying art of process design born of field imparted discernment. We must be careful that computerized standard design methods do not produce cookie cutter unreliable plants. 

Lieberman, N, P, Process Design for Reliable Operations, Gulf Professional Publishing, 1983. 

The guidelines are quite general, but will at least act as introduction to the types of turbines available to the process designer. Sometimes the decision on which type turbine to select is not obvious. The back pressure turbine is most frequently selected. It has lower capital cost, simple construction, is the most suitable turbine for high speeds, and is generally more reliable. 

Tlie error for calculations of mass balance is less than 1%, negligible in fact, so the method is reliable and useful for process design. 

We have reviewed here, in the brief space available, some recent developments in phase equilibrium representations for polymer solutions. With these recent developments, reliable tools have become available for the polymer process designer to use in considering effects of phase equilibrium properly. 

The design and fabrication of some gas-phase micro reactors are oriented on those developed for chip manufacture in the framework of microelectronics, relying deeply on silicon micromachining. There are obvious arguments in favor the infrastructure exists at many sites world-wide, the processes are reliable, have excellent standards (e.g. regarding precision) and have proven mass-manufacturing capability. In addition, sensing and control elements as well as the connections for the whole data transfer (e.g. electric buses) can be made in this way. 

Chemical plants biofine, 11 439-440 fugitive emissions from, 10 68-70 process design for, 26 999-1001 process operations in, 14 205-207 railroad tracks within, 25 324-325 reliability of, 26 980-998 safe construction of, 21 852 Chemical plant units, overhauls of, 14 210 Chemical-political innovations, evaluating, 24 189... 

Hendershot, D.C. 2002. "A Checklist for Inherently Safer Chemical Reaction Process Design and Operation." International Symposium on Risk, Reliability and... 

As discussed above, fouling of the filter screen is a major concern regarding efficient operation of the spin-filter, because ideally perfusion processes should reliably operate for longer periods of time. Since replacement of internal units is practically impossible, the spin-filter should be designed and operated to avoid clogging, preventing a premature termination of the culture [18]. Dif-... 

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