Process Composition

1 Geocoding service Converting addresses of facility locations into geographical coordinates CSV, XML, KML, JSON Web service (WS) 

2 Competitors service Finding spatial location of businesses of specified type KLM, JSON WS 

3 Real estate service Finding real estate data for a specified location XML REST (representational state transfer) style WS 

4 Population service Finding number of customers in a specified area GML WFS 

Data from the external data sources are retrieved and formatted in the specific order, which is established using the Process composition component. The data gathering process is described in Fig. 11.2. The UML swimlanes are used to show compo-nents/services responsible for performing a particular data gathering activity. The diagram also shows interdependencies among the data gathering activities and parallelization opportunities. 

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Particulate Composites. In addition to the geometric obstacles to mixing dissimilar shape and size particles, there are also chemical barriers that must be overcome in processing composites, requiring novel techniques. 

The Nippon Steel Corporation in 1972 pioneered the use of continuous annealing lines , in which rolled steel sheet is heat-treated and quenched under close computerised control while moving. For this advanced process to give its best results, especially when the objective is to make readily shapable sheet for automobile bodies, steel compositions have to be tailored specifically for the process composition and processing are seamlessly tied to each other. Today, dozens of these huge processing lines are in use worldwide (Ohashi 1988). 

Other than possibly for the insensible perspiration they absorb, transdermal patches tend to operate as thermodynamically static systems, meaning as com-positionally fixed systems, from the moment they are applied until their removal. Marketed ethanol-driven estradiol and fentanyl patches are exceptions because they meter out ethanol and drive it into the stratum corneum to propel the absorption process. Compositional steadfastness is still the rule, however, and it is this feature that bestows the zero-order delivery attribute on the ordinary transdermal patch. Drug is present within the patches in reservoir amounts whether or not the reservoir compartment is easily distinguished, for there must be enough drug to sustain delivery over the full course of patch wear. 

Mcllhagger, A., Brown, D., and Hill, B. (2000). The development of a dielectric system for the on-line cure monitoring of the resin transfer moulding process. Composites Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 31(12), 1373-1381. 

Figure 4.9 Evolution of the process composition variables for a 10% increase in the production rate at t = 0. (a) Product purity and (b) reactor impurity level.

Figure 5.16 Closed-loop evolution of the process composition variables for a 15% increase in the production rate occurring at t = 0, under plant-model parameter mismatch. The reaction rate ki and the mass transfer coefficient JCb in the controller model are assumed to be overestimated by 10% compared with their values in the plant, (a) Product purity and (b) reactor impurity level.

Resin-based composites are usually defined as either conventional or advanced. Conventional composites usually contain glass or mineral fiber reinforcement, and sometimes carbon fiber, either alone or in combination with others. Conventional composites are usually produced in stock shapes such as sheet, rod, and tube. There are many methods of processing composite materials. These include filament winding, layup, cut fiber spraying, resin transfer molding, and pultrusion. 

Snyder, C. D., Materials for Reaction Injection Molding Processing, Composite Fabrication Assoc., Oct. 3-6, 2001. 

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