Probes for molecular

IR Spectroscopy as an In Situ Probe for Molecular Structure in Electrocatalytic and Related Reactions... 

Luminescence spectroscopy provides simple access to the splitting of the ground multiplet but this technique is not always accessible due to nonradiative decay and strong ligand absorptions as encountered, for example, in the [Ln(Pc)]-/0 systems. For these reasons, alternative spectroscopic tools should be available for magnetochemists. The use of INS as a spectroscopic probe for molecular magnetic systems has recently been reviewed by Guidi [36], Amoretti et al. [37]... 

Silver Clusters as Fluorescent Probes for Molecular Sensors. 325... 

Sum-frequency generation (SEG) is also widely recognized as a powerful tool for intrinsically surface-specific spectroscopy (Shen 2000). As shown in Figure 10.16a, SFG spectroscopy, which requires two color input beams, is technically rather complicated, but one can expect additional features. For example, SFG is now expected to be a new probe for molecular chirality (Belkin et al. 2000 Champagne et al. 2000 Ji et al. 2006). From the viewpoint of biomolecular imaging, this feature is more attractive. Therefore, we hereinafter focus on sum-frequency (SF) chiral... 

D. Cremer, L. Olsson, and H. Ottosson,/. Mol. Struct. (THEOCHEM), 313, 91 (1994). Calculation of 29Si Chemical Shifts as a Probe for Molecular and Electronic Structure. 

Herrmann A (2009) Dynamic mixtures and combinatorial libraries imines as probes for molecular evolution at the interface between chemistry and biology. Org Biomol Chem 7 3195-3204... 

The three hydrogens of the unsubstituted pyrazole ring provide a convenient NMR probe for molecular symmetry of complexes. 

Davey, R. J., Blagden, N., Righini, S., Allison, H., Quayle, M. J. and Fuller, S. (2000). Crystal polymorphism as a probe for molecular assembly during nucle-ation from solutions the case of 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid. Cryst. GrowthDes., 1, 59-65. [72]... 

Thorek DL, Chen AK, Czupryna J, Tsourkas A. Superparamag-netic iron oxide nanoparticle probes for molecular imaging. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 2006 34 23-38. 

Nuclear spins are ideal probes for molecular information in liquids and solutions. This is because - (i) the spin dynamics is controlled by the structure and... 

Davey ly, Blagden N, Righini S, Alison H, Quayle MJ, and Fuller S. Crystal Polymorphism as a Probe for Molecular Self-Assembly during Nucleation from Solutions The Case of 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Cryst GrowthDes2001 1 59—... 

The fact that multiple quantum coherences can only be measured indirectly by their influence on the amplitude and phase of a subsequently acquired single quantum signal makes this technique a phase-encoding method. The necessity to acquire the spatial information in time-consuming extra dimensions is a penalty in all phase-encoding techniques. However, in the case of double quantum imaging of quadrupolar nuclei like, e.g., H, the wideline information of the single quantum spectrum can be utilized for contrast, because the quadrupolar interaction usually dominates all other spectral features and is a sensitive probe for molecular dynamics and orientations [80-83]. 

Both the rotational tunneling transition and the transitions to the first excited librational state can readily be observed by INS techniques [19-22, 35]. Neutrons are extremely well suited as probes for molecular rotations when the motion involves mainly H atoms. The INS studies allow observation of low-lying transitions within the ground librational state of the (tunnel splitting), which corre-... 

Base-Line Toxicity Predicted by Quantitative Structure—Activity Relationships as a Probe for Molecular Mechanism of Toxicity... 

Lerner EA, Lerner MR, Janeway CA, Steiz JA (1981) Monoclonal antibodies to nucleic acid-containing cellular constituents Probes for molecular biology and autoimmune diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78 2737-2741... 

Since the spectroscopic manifestations of molecular disorder are many and very characteristic, the vibrational spectrum has become a useful probe for molecular order-disorder which can be described at the level of a few Angstroms. 

Ch. Faltinger. H. Roller, P. Wehrli. W. Lukosz The Difference Interferometer A Highly Sensitive Optical Probe for Molecular Surface- Coverage Detection, in The Second World Congress on Biosensors. Oxford. Elsevier Advanced Technology, 1992, pp. 339 - 346. 

Floersheimer, M., Boesch, M., BriUert, C., Wierschem, M., and Fuchs, FI. (1997). Second harmonic microscopy - a quantitative probe for molecular surface order. Adv.Mat., 9 1061 -1065. 

J. Ennari, J. Hamara and F. Sundhohn. Vibrational spectra as experimental probes for molecular models of ion-conducting polyether systems. Polymer 1997, 3733. 

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