Priority compounds

Toncity Biological ettect Hea y metals Priority compounds Varies... 

By the nature of its content, with contributions from experienced practitioners, the book aims to serve as a practical reference for researchers, post docs, PhD-students and postgraduates as well as risk assessors working on surfactants in environmental laboratories, environmental agencies, the surfactant industry, the water industry and sewage treatment facilities. Each chapter includes extensive references to the literature and also contains detailed investigations. The broad spectrum of the book and its application to environmental priority compounds makes it unique in many ways. 

McGregor DB. 1981. Tier II mutagenic screening of 13 NIOSH priority compounds Individual compound report methyl bromide. Report to National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, by Inveresk Research International Limited, Musselburgh, Scotland. NTIS No. PB83-130211. 

Prior to implement a monitoring program in the aquatic environment, there is a need to rank APIs according to their environmental relevance since it is not feasible to search all molecules in the environment. Therefore, methodologies need to be developed to select the priority compounds [17]. 

DBP not originally prioritized but included due to similarity to other priority compounds. 

There are many more PAHs than the EPA s 16 priority compounds shown in Fig. 1. These include other parent compounds as well as alkylated species. The large number of possible PAHs provides power to elucidate sources of PAHs to the Great Lakes. Because different sources produce different relative amounts of each PAH, the relative concentrations of PAHs in environmental media can be used to identify significant sources back out their contributions to environmental levels. Some compounds that are particularly helpful in the elucidation of sources, or may have both natural and anthropogenic sources are shown in Fig. 2. 

Lacorte, S., I. Guiffard, D. Fraisse, et al. 2000. Broad spectrum analysis of 109 priority compounds listed in the 76/464/CEE Council Directive using solid-phase extraction and GC/EI/MS. Anal. Chem. 72 1430-1440. 

VOCs a subset within Dow s group of priority compounds, VOCs have been reduced from 19600 tons in 1994 to 13 700 tons in 1998 ... 

Sometimes referred to as PNAs (polynuclear aromatics), these are ubiquitous compounds found in many sites contaminated with petroleum or coal residues. They consist of two or more fused benzene rings. The PAHs of most interest in environmental chemistry are the 16 USEPA PAHs. These compounds were selected as representative, after analysis of numerous samples in the USA found that over 80% of the total PAH contribution could be attributed to these 16 priority compounds. The full list (with the number of rings in brackets) is as follows (see Fig. 6.11). 

Direct electrochemical reduction. The direct electrochemical reduction of organic species can be used to detoxify the wide range of chlorinated compounds on the EC list of priority compounds [81] ... 

In other words, when two different alkyl groups can receive the same numbers, number them by alphabetical priority. Compound 28 is another example, and possible names are l-(l-methyethyl)-2-propylcycloheptane or 2-(l-methylethyl)-l-propylcycloheptane. Note that the (1-methylethyl) substituent is treated as a methylethyl group for alphabetizing. Because m is before p, in the alphabet, the proper name of 28 is named l-(l-methylethyl)-2-propylcyclo-heptane. The name for 28 uses 1-methylethyl rather than isopropyl (Table 4.2). Remember that common names and lUPAC names should not be mixed. 

Figure 4.100 15 PAH priority compounds classified by the European Commission Regulation.

Figure 4.101 Additional PAH priority compound to be monitored according to JECFA 2005.

---