Priestley

Jen S, Clark N A, Pershan P S and Priestley E B 1977 Polarized Raman scattering of orientational order in uniaxial liquid crystalline phases J. Chem. Phys. 66 4635-61... 

These included Scheele, Cavendish, Priestley, and others. They called it burnt or dephlogisticated air," which meant air without oxygen. 

Priestley is generally credited with its discovery, although Scheele also discovered it independently. 

Stahl subsequently renamed the terra pingnis phlogiston, the motion of fire (or heat), the essential element of all combnstible materials. Thns the phlogiston theory was born to explain all combnstion and was widely accepted for most of the eighteenth centnry by, among others, such luminaries of chemistry as Joseph Priestley. 

W. H. Whidock, "The Ultra-High Purity Chahenge", in Separation of Gases, Proceeding of the Fifth BOC Priestley Conference, Birmingham, U.K., Sept. 19—21,1989, Royal Society of Chemistry, 1990. 

Address The Priestley Centre, 10 Priestley Road, Suney Research Park Guildford, Suney GU2 5XY United Kingdom... 

Some 500 years ago during Columbus s second voyage to what are now the Americas, he and his crew saw children playing with balls made from the latex of trees that grew there. Later, Joseph Priestley called this material "rubber" to describe its ability to erase pencil marks by rubbing, and in 1823 Charles Macintosh demonstrated how rubber could be used to make waterproof coats and shoes. Shortly thereafter Michael Faraday determined an empirical formula of C5H8 for rubber. It was eventually determined that rubber is a polymer of 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene. 

I772 N2O prepared by J. Priestley who also showed it supported combustion... 

NHi gas isolated by Priestley using mercury in a pneumatic trough. 

The discovery of oxygen is generally credited to C. W. Scheele and J. Priestley (independently) in 1773-4, though several earlier investigators had made pertinent observations without actually isolating and characterizing the gas. Indeed, it is difficult to ascribe a precise meaning to the word discovery when applied to a substance so ubiquitously present... 

MnOi- He called the gas vitriol air and reported that it was colourless, odourless and tasteless, and supported combustion better than common air, but the results did not appear until 1777 because of his publisher s negligence. Priestley s classic experiment of using a burning glass to calcine HgO confined in a cylinder inverted over liquid mercury was first performed in Colne, England, on 1 August 1774 he related this to A. L. Lavoisier and others at a dinner party... 

C. W. Scheele and J. Priestley independently discovered oxygen, prepared it by several routes, and studied its properties. 

OCHIAI, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 37, 1503-9 (1975). See also Oxygen and Life Second BOC Priestley Conference, Roy. Soc. Chem. Special Publ. No. 39, London, 1981, 224 pp. 

Tellurium was the first of these three elements to be discovered. It was isolated by the Austrian chemist F. J. Muller von Reichenstein in 1782 a few years after the discovery of oxygen by J. Priestley and C. W. Scheele (p. 600), though the periodic group relationship between the elements was not apparent until nearly a century later (p. 20). Tellurium was first... 

Zinc and cadmium tarnish quickly in moist air and combine with oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and the halogens on being heated. Mercury also reacts with these elements, except phosphorus and its reaction with oxygen was of considerable practical importance in the early work of J. Priestley and A. L. Lavoisier on oxygen (p. 601). The reaction only becomes appreciable at temperatures of about 350° C, but above about 400°C HgO decomposes back into the elements. 

Rubber—an unusual name for an unusual substance—is a naturally occurring aikene polymer produced by more than 400 different plants. The major source is the so-called rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis, from which the crude material is harvested as it drips from a slice made through the bark. The name rubber was coined by Joseph Priestley, the discoverer of oxygen and early researcher of rubber chemistry, for the simple reason that one of rubber s early uses was to tub out pencil marks on paper. 

Preeclampsia, Viagra and, 164 Prelog, Vladimir, 181 Prepolymer, epoxy resins and, 673 Priestley, Joseph, 245 Primary alcohol, 600 Primary amine, 916 Primary carbon. 84 Primary hydrogen, 85 Primary structure (protein), 1038 Primer strand (DNA), 1108 pro-R prochiralitv center, 316 pro-S prochirality center, 316 Problems, how to work, 27 Procaine, structure of, 32 Prochirality, 315-317 assignment of, 315-316 naturally occurring molecules and, 316-317... 

Many different methods can be used to resolve compounds into their elements. Sometimes, but not often, heat alone is sufficient. Mercury(II) oxide, a compound of mercury and oxygen, decomposes to its elements when heated to 600°C. Joseph Priestley, an English... 

In the late eighteenth century Priestley prepared ammonia by reacting HN03(g) with hydrogen gas. The thermodynamic equation for the reaction is... 

Nonetheless, it was not until 1793 that the English scientist and clergyman Joseph Priestley discovered the first modern inhalant compound, the anesthetic gas nitrous oxide. This gas was widely used for recreational purposes by the English aristocracy in private parties, and traveling charlatans expanded... 

See, for example, Wojtowicz PI (1979) In Priestley PY, Wojtowicz PI, Sheng P (eds) Introduction to liquid crystals. Plenum Press, New York, chap 7 and references cited therein... 

Ripening seeds, except where they are enclosed in fleshy fruit, lose water until their water content is in equilibrium with atmospheric humidity and at this stage they contain 5-20% water. The water contents of some seeds can be reduced still further with no adverse effects on viability, rather this can enhance their survival in the dried state (Roberts, 1973). The longevity of seeds in this anhydrobiotic state can be prodigious, lasting for several hundred years (Priestley Posthumus, 1982). 

The free radical damage hypothesis of desiccation injury requires that these various protective mechanisms are unable to detoxify reactive species during dehydration and rehydration. There is evidence that free radicals increase with decreasing moisture content of seeds (Priestley et al., 1985), and, in plants subjected to episodic droughting, increased levels of malon-dialdehyde occur (Price Hendry, 1987). 

Priestley, D.A. de Krujff, B. (1982). Phospholipid notional characteristics in a dry biological system. Plant Physiology, 70, 1075-9. 

Priestley, D.A. Posthumus, M.A. (1982). Extreme longevity of Lotus seeds from Palantien. Nature, 299,148-9. 

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