Preventive therapy

Intermittent Preventive Therapy in Pregnant Women and Infants... 

In endemic areas, chemoprophylaxis has been abandoned for a variety of reasons, mainly due to sustainability problems and the risk of contributing to the development of resistance. Intermittent preventive therapy (EPT), however, appears to be an alternative to protect pregnant women (IPTp) and children during the first year of their life (IPTi). 

Aiititubercular drug s are used in combination with other aiititubercular dm to treat active tuberculosis. Isoniazid (INH) is the only aiititubercular drug used alone While isoniazid is used in combination with other drains for the treatment of primary tuberculosis, a primary use is in preventive therapy (prophylaxis) against tuberculosis. For example, when a diagnosis of tuberculosis is present, family members of the infected individual must be given prophylactic treatment with isoniazid for 6 months to 1 year. Display 12-1 identifies prophylactic uses for isoniazid. 

Breast cancer in menopausal women, preventative therapy for women at high risk for breast cancer... 

Explain the role of central nervous system (CNS) preventive therapy for acute leukemia. 

Table 5. Parenterally administered antimicrobial agents which can be used alone or combined to provide effective coverage of the mixed aerobic-anaerobic infections arising from human colonic bacteria for patients requiring preventive therapy...

Patients receiving single-exposure, high-dose radiation therapy to the upper abdomen, or total- or hemibody irradiation, should receive prophylactic antiemetics. Preventive therapy with an SSRI and dexamethasone is recommended in patients receiving total-body irradiation. 

Preventive therapy may also be administered intermittently when headaches recur in a predictable pattern (e.g., exercise-induced or menstrual migraine). 

Its use is limited by the occurrence of potentially serious retroperitoneal, endocardial, and pulmonary fibrotic complications that have occurred during long-term uninterrupted use. It is reserved for patients with refractory headaches that do not respond to other preventive therapies. 

Mullins CD, Ohsfeldt RL (2003) Modeling the annual costs of postmenopausal prevention therapy raloxifene, alendronate, or estrogen-progestin therapy. J Managed Care Pharm 9(2) 150—158... 

Also recommended as preventive therapy (chemoprophylaxis) for specific situations. IM administration is intended for use whenever oral is not possible. 

Laboratory tests Because there is a higher frequency of isoniazid-associated hepatitis among certain patient groups, obtain transaminase measurements prior to starting and monthly during preventative therapy, or more frequently as needed. If any of the values exceed 3 to 5 times the upper limit of normal, temporarily discontinue isoniazid and consider restarting therapy. 

There is evidence showing the efficacy of TBC preventive therapy among HIV-infected people. TBC preventive therapy can be given to people with HIV who have been screened to exclude active TBC and who are PPD positive. Isoniazid is the recommended drug. A dose of 5 mg/kg (maximum 300 mg) may be given daily as self-administered therapy for 6 months. 

Rifabutin is effective in prevention and treatment of disseminated atypical mycobacterial infection in AIDS patients with CD4 counts below 50/pL. It is also effective for preventive therapy of tuberculosis, either alone in a 3-4 month regimen or with pyrazinamide in a 2-month regimen. 

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansidar) Folate antagonist combination Treatment of infections with some chloroquine-resistant P falciparum, including combination with artesunate intermittent preventive therapy in endemic areas... 

Of the more recently introduced methods for smoking cessation, bupropion (an antidepressant with dopaminomimetic properties) has recently been introduced. Clinical trial data, in which the nicotine patch, bupropion at 300 mg, and a combination of the two drugs were compared with placebo treatment, have shown cessation of smoking rates of 36% for the patch, 49% for bupropion and 58% for the combined treatments following 7 weeks of treatment. The placebo response rate was 23%. All subjects received relapse prevention therapy. Thus bupropion appears to be a reasonably safe and effective treatment for nicotine dependence. It is however contraindicated in those subject to epilepsy its main side effects are dry mouth and insomnia. 

Newby LK, LaPointe NM, Chen AY et al. Long-term adherence to evidence-based secondary prevention therapies in coronary artery disease. Circulation 2006 I 13 203-212. 

Forrester JS, Fishbein M, Helfant R, Fagin J. A paradigm for restenosis based on cell biology clues for the development of new preventive therapies. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991 17 758-769. 

Cuzick J et al (2011) Preventive therapy for breast cancer a consensus statement. Lancet Oncol 12(5) 496-503... 

The number of biological processes has increased tremendously in the last 15 years. This has resulted in high expectation for an improvement of quality of life and an increase in the volume of business related to products obtained from animal cell culture technology, with the broad potential use of these products for disease diagnostics, prevention, therapy, and cure. Table 1.1 indicates some examples of approved therapeutic products obtained through animal cell culture. 

Step 2 Regular inhaled preventer therapy (inhaled short acting beta2-agonist as required and regular standard dose inhaled corticosteroid). 

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