Preparation of the Paper

The key technique which makes it possible to commercially produce carbonless 

SEM photographs of the microcapsules coated on the top sheet of paper and the solid acids on the bottom sheet are shown in Figs. 6.5 and 6.6. 

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The author thanks all the scientists whose work he used in preparing this paper. G. E. Agar, R. B. Bhappu, P. L. de Bruyn, S. Chwastiak, D. W. Fuerstenau, G. Purcell, and J. Smolik deserve special mention for providing some of the original stimulus and for advance notice of their own work. Preparation of the paper was made possible through the financial support of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission under contract AT (04-3) 326 C.A. No. 3. 

The author wishes to thank Dr. M. S. Matheson for many helpful discussions, and W. A. Mulac and J. L. Weeks for invaluable aid in the preparation of the paper. 

Making a simple silver-chloride salt print begins with the selection and preparation of the paper. Arches Hot Press Watercolor and Crane s Kid Finish AS 8111 are two good choices. Experiment with any good quality 100% cotton paper. 

This work was supported by the grant of Ministry of Education Belarus. We thank Dr A. Krivosheeva for the help in preparation of the paper. 

A convenient procedure for preparation of the paper strip is as follows. 

The action of phenolphthalein paper differs from that of other papers. Regardless of previous treatment, a drop of liquid placed upon it will diffuse either very slowly or not at all. A 0.1 or 1% solution of phenolphthalein in alcohol is employed in the preparation of the paper. These concentrations appear to be... 

Preparation of the papers. Filter paper (Schleicher and Schiill, No. 602, hard) is immersed several times in the dye solution and hung away to dry. The edge of the dried paper is discarded and the remainder cut into strips which are stored in a moisture-... 

I and the editors of the nine sections of this book wish to thank Janet S. Dodd, Cheryl Shanks, Cathy Buzzell-Martin, and Steven Powell of the ACS Books Department for their help and patience during the writing and editing of the manuscripts. We also appreciate the assistance of William B. Hambleton Jr., Donald Nickerson, and Carol Little of DuPont in various stages of the project. We give special thanks to Amelia V. Kahn, Executive Secretary, for her many contributions to the development of the symposium and the subsequent preparation of the papers for publication in this book. 

The work described in this paper was originally financed by the UK Department of Trade and Industry. Preparation of the paper was financed by British Nuclear Fuels Ltd. 

The contribution of Dr. Manfred Dunky (Kronospan Lampertswalde, Germany, and the University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria) during discussion of the results and preparation of the paper is gratefully acknowledged. 

The authors are pleased to acknowledge the continued encouragement of Professor Wilfried Heller, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, in the pursuit of this study and preparation of the paper. 

One of the chief disadvantages of filter paper electrophoresis of all types is the difficulty in reproducing the exact same pattern from one experiment to another (65). There are so many variables in the filter paper itself, in the preparation of the paper for the separation, in the buffer concentration, in the electrical system, in the temperature, and in the staining that small deviations are almost impossible to control. To circumvent these difficulties it is advantageous to carry out a number of separations on the same sheet of paper under identical conditions (65). In this way one specimen can always serve as a control and the unknowns can be expressed quantitatively in relation to the control. Considerable effort has been directed to the problem of obtaining exactly similar migrations and separations of 10 to 14 specimens of the same serum on one sheet of paper. The provision of even distribution of pressure over the glass plates was of prime... 

Sulphur. Moisten the centre of a filter paper with sodium plumbite solution. Add about 10 ml. of dilute hydrochloric acid to the residue in the dish and immediately cover it with the prepared filter paper. If zinc sulphide is present in the residue, a dark brown stain, visible on the upper surface of the paper, will be obtained frequently the presence of hydrogen sulphide can also be detected by its odour. 

Subsequent to stock preparation and proper dilution, the paper furnish usually is fed to the paper machine through one or more screens or other devices to remove dirt and fiber bundles. It then enters a flow spreader which provides a uniform flowing stream and which is the width of the paper machine. The flow spreader, or manifold, discharges the slurry into a headbox, where fiber flocculation is minimised by microturbulence and where the proper pressure head is provided to cause the slurry to flow at the proper velocity through the slice and onto the moving Fourdrinier wire. 

More uniform results may be expected if a substantial layer of metal is removed from the specimens to ehminate variations in condition of the original metaUic surface. This can be done by chemical treatment (pickling), electrolytic removal, or grinding with a coarse abrasive paper or cloth, such as No. 50, using care not to work-harden the surface. At least 2.5 X 10 mm (0.0001 in) or 1.5 to 2.3 mg/cm (10 to 15 mg/iu") should be removed. If clad alloy specimens are to be used, specif attention must be given to ensure that excessive metal is not removed. After final preparation of the specimen surface, the speci-... 

In report separately discuss the peculiarities of determination of the anion composition of the solid solutions, that conditioned by ability of diphosphate anion to destruction in water solutions. In given concrete case by most acceptable method of control of the diphosphate anion in the hydrated solid solutions is a traditional method of the quantitative chromatography on the paper. Methodical ways which providing of minimum destruction of the diphosphate anion in the time of preparation of the model to analysis (translation in soluble condition) and during quantitative determination of the P.,0, anion are considered. 

Oiijcxnic Syntheses. Special credit must go to Professor Wayland Noland, Secretary to the Board, for skillfully organizing the sea of paper from wfiich this volume finally floated. Thanks are due to Miss Amy Harrison, Mts. Carol Schaap and Miss Elly Sparwirt for typing the manuscript, flt, Susan Goff assisted with the preparation of the indexes. 

Rate constants (fifth column) usually correspond to one of the temperatures reported in the original papers and may be either experimentally determined values or those calculated from the activation parameters. In the preparation of the present review, the author has normalized a number of rate constants at arbitrary temperatures to permit direct comparisons with other data these normalized values and temperatures are tabulated (in italics) with the hope that they will offer additional useful information. The rate constants are usually expressed in liter x mole x sec when the values are followed by the symbol (A i) the units are sec. and dH are in kcal/mole JS is in eu. 

This review was written in part at the University of Trieste. The author is indebted to Dr. (Miss) M. Forchiassin and to Mrs. G. Fabris for valuable assistance in the preparation of the typed manuscript and to many others of the staff for computation work and for a critical reading of the paper. 

For the identification of limonene, one of the most useful compounds is the crystalline tetrabromide, Cj(,HjgBr. This body is best prepared as follows the fraction of the oil containing much limonene is mixed with four times its volume of glacial acetic acid, and the mixture cooled in ice. Bromine is then added, drop by drop, so long as it becomes decolorised at once. The mixture is then allowed to stand until crystals separate. These are filtered off, pressed between porous paper, and recrystallised from acetic ether. Limonene tetrabromide melts at 104 5° and is optically active, its specific rotation being + 73 3°. The inactive, or dipeutene, tetrabromide melts at 124° to 125°. In the preparation of the tetrabromide traces of moisture are advisable, as the use of absolutely anhydrous material renders the compound very diflftcult to crystallise. 

The authors wish to express their appreciation to L. E. Clifcom in particular and to the several members of the Product and Process Research Division and the Customer Research Division of Continental Can Company, Research Department, for helpful suggestions in the preparation of this paper. 

We thank Mrs. L. Jourdan and Mr. Dr. H. G. Neiss for the assistance during the preparation of this paper... 

The preparation of this paper was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-3809(00). The authors are grateful to W. J. Miller for permission to use his as yet unpublished data in Figures 3 and 4. 

Similarly, the oxazoHdine (it,S)-147, obtained as a mixture of epimers at C2 from N,N-dibenzyl (it)-phenylalaninal and hl-benzyl (S)-valinol, reacted with Grignard reagents to form in situ the iminium ion 148, from which the diamino alcohols 149 were produced as a single diastereomer [71 ] (Scheme 23). On the other hand, when the oxazoHdine derived from the (S)-aldehyde was used, the diamino alcohol was obtained as a 70 30 mixture of diastereomers. Alhough the preparation of the primary 1,2-diamines was not explored in that paper, compoimds 149 would be the precursors of the syn 1,2-diamine... 

We are very thankful to Mr.G.A.Nikitin, Professor of Ukrainian University of Food Technologies and to Mr.S.L.Upolnikov, the Director of CDK "CIET" company for their assistance in preparation of this paper... 

Preparation of this paper was supported by grant DA 01147 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse and contract no. 271-86-8113 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. 

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