Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Paper furnish

Consumers can be exposed to formaldehyde gas through its emission from construction materials, wood products, textiles, home furnishings, paper, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals (Bartnik et al. 1985 Pickrell et al. 1983 WHO 1989). Members of the general population may also be exposed to formaldehyde by dermal contact with many of these products. Based on a study of dermal absorption of formaldehyde in rats from cosmetic products, Bartnik et al. (1985) made rough estimates of the formaldehyde that could be absorbed through the use of products such as hand cream or sun-tan lotion. In the case of hand cream, approximately 2 g is used per application, containing 2 mg formaldehyde. Assuming 5% absorption,... [Pg.328]

According to the Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles Association (SMART) and the Council for Textile Recycling [9, 10], more than 1000 businesses and organizations employing many tens of thousands of workers divert some 2 million tons of textile waste from the solid waste stream. Textile waste can be classified as either preconsumer or postconsumer. Preconsumer textile waste consists of by-product materials from the textile, fiber, and cotton industries. Each year 750,000 tons of this waste is recycled into raw materials for the automotive, furniture, mattress, coarse yam, home furnishings, paper, and other industries. Approximately 75% of the preconsumer textile waste is recycled. [Pg.698]

A small amount of particleboard is made with a fire-retardant treatment for use in locations where codes require this material, as in some offices and elevators. Particleboards receive overlay and finishing treatments with ease. Wood veneers, melamine overlays, printed paper overlays, vinyl overlays, foils, and direct grain printing can all be done quite simply. A small amount of particleboard is also made in the form of shaped, molded articles such as furniture parts, paper roU plugs, bmsh bases, and even toilet seats. There is another small increment of particleboard made by the extmsion process. These products are made in small captive operations owned by furniture manufacturers which consume all of this production in their furniture. The extmsion process differs from conventional flat-pressed particleboard in that the wood furnish is forced between two stationary heated surfaces. The mats are formed from one edge and this edge is alternately formed and pushed between the heated platens, which are maintained at a distance equal to the thickness of board produced. This is an old, slow, small-scale process, but is stiU in use in at least one location. [Pg.393]

The retention of fillers in the sheet during the forming process is important. Both hydrodynamic mechanisms and colloidal or coflocculation phenomena are significant in determining filler retention (7). Polymeric retention aids are used to bridge between filler particles and fibers. Talc is sometimes used with mechanical pulp furnishes in order to reduce the deposition of pitch-like materials onto paper machinery. [Pg.5]

Subsequent to stock preparation and proper dilution, the paper furnish usually is fed to the paper machine through one or more screens or other devices to remove dirt and fiber bundles. It then enters a flow spreader which provides a uniform flowing stream and which is the width of the paper machine. The flow spreader, or manifold, discharges the slurry into a headbox, where fiber flocculation is minimised by microturbulence and where the proper pressure head is provided to cause the slurry to flow at the proper velocity through the slice and onto the moving Fourdrinier wire. [Pg.6]

It is also important to study the interactions of papermaking additives (4) in the paper machine water system some additives act synergisticaHy, so that the performance of each is enhanced by the presence of the other. However, some additives have a negative impact on the performance of other additives, or on other desirable paper properties. Thus, optimization of the addition points and usage rates of the entire additive system is necessary in order to maximize performance of the chemical additives and the paper sheet properties, and to minimize cost and negative interactions both on the paper machine and in the white-water system. This is especially tme as unanticipated additives enter the wet end of the paper machine from recycled furnishes, including coated broke (5). [Pg.15]

The most widely used pitch control method is the addition of pitch dispersants, which can be either organic, ie, typically anionic polymers such as naphthalene sulfonates, ligninsulfonates, and polyacrylates (33,34), or inorganic, ie, typically clay or talc. The polymers maintain the pitch as a fine dispersion in the pulp, preventing agglomeration and potential deposition on the paper machine or the sheet. When talc, clay, or other adsorbent fillers are added to the furnish, moderate amounts of pitch can adsorb on these materials, producing a nontacky soHd that can be retained in the sheet. [Pg.16]

Low molecular cationic polymers or alum can also be used to flocculate pitch, ie, bind up the pitch so that it is retained in the sheet, to minimize pitch deposition on machine surfaces and fabrics (35,36). Alum is used commonly in newsprint operations (34). The addition of a nonionic surfactant with a hydrocarbon solvent to the wet end has shown some utility in preventing deposits of adhesive recycled furnish contaminants from forming on the paper... [Pg.16]

Eintrag, m. entry charge woof Paper) furnish damage, prejudice, eintragen, r.t. carry in introduce add enter, record register yield, eintraglich, a. profitable. [Pg.123]


See other pages where Paper furnish is mentioned: [Pg.308]    [Pg.131]    [Pg.10]    [Pg.308]    [Pg.131]    [Pg.10]    [Pg.24]    [Pg.34]    [Pg.3]    [Pg.4]    [Pg.4]    [Pg.5]    [Pg.16]    [Pg.16]    [Pg.17]    [Pg.18]    [Pg.18]    [Pg.20]    [Pg.22]    [Pg.306]    [Pg.164]    [Pg.471]    [Pg.374]    [Pg.374]    [Pg.374]    [Pg.94]    [Pg.38]    [Pg.145]    [Pg.191]    [Pg.220]    [Pg.271]    [Pg.279]    [Pg.656]    [Pg.659]    [Pg.815]    [Pg.433]    [Pg.580]    [Pg.53]    [Pg.293]    [Pg.234]    [Pg.229]    [Pg.135]    [Pg.154]    [Pg.28]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.170 ]




SEARCH



Furnishing

© 2024 chempedia.info