Pregnancy and Postpartum

ERIKA GAYLOR AND RACHEL MANBER Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A. 

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Kris, E.B. (1965) Children of mothers maintained on pharmacotherapy during pregnancy and postpartum. Cur Ther Res 7 785-789. 

V. Diagnosis and Treatment of Sleep Disorders in Pregnancy and Postpartum... 

Driver H, Shapiro CM. A longitudinal study of sleep stages in young women during pregnancy and postpartum. Sleep 1992 15 449-453. 

Wolfson A, Anwer U. Sleep and affect in pregnancy and postpartum months, Annual meeting of the Northeast Sleep Society, Worcester, MA, 2000. 

In this chapter, we have summarized our most relevant findings on the differential changes in expression and function of both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAa-Rs in the rat hippocampus during pregnancy and postpartum. 

The cardiovascular teratogenicity of lithium has been summarized in a review of managing bipolar disorder during pregnancy and postpartum (473). While the risk of Ebstein s anomaly is increased, likely 10-20 times more than in the general population, the absolute risk (0.05-0.10%) is small. Fetal ultrasonography was advised at 18-20 weeks of gestation in cases of first trimester lithium exposure (488). 

Josefsson A, Berg G, Nordin C, Sydsjo G (2001) Prevalence of depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and postpartum. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 80 251—255. 

K22. Klein, L., Urinary hydroxyproline during late pregnancy and postpartum involution. Metab., Clin. ExpU. 13, 386-390 (1964). 

Mastorakos, G. Ilias, I. (2003). Maternal and fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes during pregnancy and postpartum. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 997 136—149. 

Lukaski HC, Hall CB, Siders WA. 2007. Assessment of change in hydration in women during pregnancy and postpartum with bioelectrical impedance vectors. Nutrition 8,543-550. 

Given the risk of metabolic decompensation during pregnancy and postpartum period, women with amino acidopathies or urea cycle defects should be followed by an obstetric clinic specializing in high-risk pregnancies [1]. Frequent assessment of fetal growth is also needed. For successful maternal and fetal outcomes, a multidisciplinary approach is required with input from both the obstetric and metabolic teams [4,18, 21]. 

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