Precombustion system

In the development of the Diesel engine (117) the design of the combustion system has played an important role. Several combustion chamber shapes are presently in use. These include the open chamber (38, 54, 68, 82), the precombustion chamber (24, 32, 92, 108), the turbulence or air-swirl chamber (32), the air cell, and the energy cell (32). In all of these fuel is vaporized by transferring heat from the air charge to the fuel. In a recently developed combustion system (87) the fuel is sprayed on a hot surface which... 

Automotive Valve plate in common rail systems Glow plugs for diesel engines and additional car heating Fuel injector parts, valves, valve train components, rocker arm pads, tappet disks, cam follower roller, turbocharger rotors tappet shim precombustion chambers... 

There are several approaches available to a utility to construct a boiler that will meet New Source Performance Standards. These approaches can be classified according to the position in the combustion system at which pollutant control technology is applied. Precombustion control involves removal of sulfur, nitrogen, and ash compounds from the fuel before it is burned. For coal combustion this approach involves the application of coal-cleaning technology. Combustion control relies on modifications to the combustion process itself or the addition of material to the combustion process to reduce pollutant formation or capture the pollutants formed in the combustion chamber. Examples of combustion control include staged combustion, boiler limestone injection, and fluidized-bed combustion with limestone addition. Post-combustion control involves removal of pollutants after they have been formed but before they are released into the atmosphere. Traditionally, flue gas desulfurization has meant the application of postcombustion control either alone or in conjunction with another... 

Precombustion of sulfur from coal by selective oxidation is an important step in coal cleaning, without the need for a postcombustion cleanup step to remove sulfur oxides. This process, known as oxydesulfurization of coal, is a three-phase gas-liquid-solid system. As an example, a sparged reactor wiU be designed to oxydesulfurize 100 tons/day of coal in an aqueous slurry of coal with air. 

To attain high combustion efficiency, a rapid increase in conversion by the homogeneous reaction is desirable. One typical construction of hybrid catalytic combustor is shown in Figure 14. This system consists of four reaction zones, i.e., a precombustion zone, a premixing zone, a catalyst zone, and a gas-phase combustion zone. The catalyst... 

A major concern in the present day combustion of coal is the performance of the process in an environmentally acceptable manner through the use of a variety of environmentally acceptable technologies such as the use of a low-sulfur coal or through the use of post-combustion cleanup of the off-gases (Chapter 23). Thus, there is a marked trend in the modem research to more efficient methods of coal combustion. In fact, the ideal would be a combustion system that is able to accept any coal without a precombustion treatment, or without the need for post-combustion treatment, or without emitting objectionable amounts of sulfur and nitrogen oxides and particulates. To dream, to dream, perchance to dream. 

G. Krishnan, I. S. Jayaweera, Fabrication and scale-up of polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane based system for precombustion based capture of carbon dioxide , 2011 NETL C02 Capture Technology Meeting, August 2011. 

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