Clean Coal Technologies

US. Department of Uner Clean Coal Technology Program Update 1991, publication DOE/FE-0247P, U.S. Dept, of Energy, Washington, D.C. 

In the United States the Clean Coal Technology program was created to develop and demonstrate the technology needed to use coal in a more environmentally acceptable manner. Activities range from basic research and estabUshing integrated operation of new processes in pilot plants through demonstration with commercial-scale equipment. 

Eastman Chemical Company has operated a coal-to-methanol plant in Kingsport, Tennessee, since 1983. Two Texaco gasifiers (one is a backup) process 34 Mg/h (37 US ton/h) of coal to synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is converted to methanol by use of ICl methanol technology. Methanol is an intermediate for producing methyl acetate and acetic acid. The plant produces about 225 Gg/a (250,000 US ton/a) of acetic anhydride. As part of the DOE Clean Coal Technology Program, Air Products and Cnemicals, Inc., and Eastman Chemic Company are constructing a 9.8-Mg/h (260-US ton/d) slurry-phase reactor for the conversion of synthesis gas to methanol and dimethyl... 

Nationwide, plants that emit SO2 at a rate below 1.2 Ibs/mm Btu will be able to increase emissions by 20% between a baseline year and 2000. Bonus allowances will be distributed to accommodate growth by units in states with a statewide average below 0.8 Ibs/mm Btu. Plants experiencing increases in their utilization in the last five years also receive bonus allowances, 50,000 bonus allowances per year are allocated to plants in 10 mid western states that make reductions in Phase I. Plants that repower with a qualifying clean coal technology may receive a 4 year extension of the compliance date for Phase II emission limitations. 

A Planner s Guide for Selecting Clean Coal Technologies for Power Plants, Technical Paper No. 387. Washington The World Bank, 1997. 

Clean Coal Technology Conipendiuin. (1999). Los Alamos, NM Los Alamos National Laboratoiy. . 

Clean Coal Technology Program. (2000). Washington, DC U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy. . 

Source Adapted from Qianlin, Z., GE Gasification, the best available Clean Coal Technology, International Forum on Cl Chemical Industry and Clean Coal Technology, Jun. 13-17, Shihezi, China, 2005. 

Eiki S., The Status of the EAGLE Project, Advanced Clean Coal Technology International Symposium 2006, Sep. 5, Tokyo, Japan, 2006. 

Hans-Joachim Z. and Klaus S.L., Overview of the ZECA (Zero Emission Coal Alliance) Technology, 4th Advanced Clean Coal Technology Int. Symposium, Jan. 29-30, Tokyo, Japan, 2001. 

Chatel-Pelage, F. et al., Applications of oxygen for NO, control and C02 capture in coal-fired power plants, Second International Conference on Clean Coal Technologies for our Future, Sardinia, May 10-12,2005. 

Tavoulareas, E. S., and Charpentier, J. P, Clean Coal Technologies for Developing Countries. World Bank Technical Paper Number 286. 

Since the supply of hydrogen in the long term depends on different technical and energy policy developments and frame conditions, such as the expansion of renewable energy sources, the development of clean coal technologies or the required reduction of C02 emissions, hydrogen production is simultaneously closely linked to the conventional energy supply system. 

US Department of Energy 1992. Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program Program Update 1991. Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Washington, DC, Report No. DOE/FE-247P. 

In recent years, much political and environmental attention has been paid to the idea of clean coal technology. Coal is a cheap and relatively available source of energy, but the smoke from its burning creates enormous amounts of air pollution, as well as acid rain. 

If clean coal technology works well enough to be implemented widely in industry, it could have a huge impact on the environment. According to the DOE, the Clean Coal Power Initiative, a plan presented by President George W. Bush in 2001, will help cut sulfur, nitrogen, and mercury pollutants from power plants by nearly 70% by the year 2018. ... 

Clean Coal Technology 8r The Presidents Clean Coal Power Initiative. US. Department of Energy Web site. Available online. URL http //www.fossil.energy.gov/programs/powersystems/ cleancoal/. 

Knighl. E.H. Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program Program Update. 

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