Precipitation value

Urea Enzymatic Dialysis Method. This method (16) uses 8 M urea [57-13-6] to gelatinize and facUitate removal of starch and promote extraction of the soluble fiber at mild (50°C) temperatures. EoUowing digestion with heat-stable a-amylase and protease, IDE is isolated by filtration or I DE is obtained after ethanol precipitation. Values for I DE are comparable to those obtained by the methods described eadier, and this method is less time-consuming than are the two AO AC-approved methods. Corrections for protein are required as in the AO AC methods. 

FUllungs-becherglas, n. precipitation beaker, -kraft, /. precipitating power, -mittel, n. precipitant, -reagens, n. precipitation reagent, -reaktion, /. precipitation reaction, -vermogen, n. precipitating power, -wkrme, /. heat of precipitation, -wert, m. precipitation value. 

The rainfall regime in arid areas is characterized by low, irregular and unpredictable precipitation, often concentrated in a few rainstorms, creating humid conditions in the soil for a short period and over a limited area. In many arid areas, several years may elapse between successive rainfalls. The moisture supplied to the soil from rain is offset by evaporation, that is related to air temperature, air humidity and intensity of solar radiation. Because of the irregular rainfall distribution, mean precipitation values have little meaning, if not also the range of variation is indicated. 

Arid areas (0.05 < P/PET < 0.20) mean annual precipitation values up to about 200 mm in winter rainfall areas and 300 mm in summer rainfall areas but more importantly inter-annual variability in the 50-100% range. Pastoralism is possible but without mobility or the use of groundwater resources is highly susceptible to climatic variability. 

Because of the irregular rainfall distribution, mean precipitation values have little meaning in the (semi)-arid zone, if not also the range of variation is indicated. This variability refers to both temporal and spatial variability. Temporal variability affects not only the onset and duration of the rains in the year, but plays also a role in year-by-year differences. The variability is highest in the hyper-arid zone, where the mean precipitation value is composed of a few intensive rainstorms. When these fall on a heated barren surface - as is often the case in the arid zone - a part of it is immediately evaporated and lost for soil processes. High rainfall intensity results on the other hand in a rapid saturation of the surface layers and creates lateral runoff and erosion, in particular on sloping land. Many arid and semi-arid soils show therefore features of gully and sheet erosion. 

The influence of neutral salts as well as of acids and bases on the swelling of gelatine which we have seen can be attributed to an apparent change in the solvation of the gel fibrils and may be interpreted in the light of Donnan s theory of the effect of a non-diffusible ion on the osmotic pressure differences between the two phases, is likewise to be noted in the alteration of the viscosity and alcohol precipitation values of protein solutions. From the considerations already advanced there should exist two well-defined maxima in the viscosity and alcohol precipitation curves when these properties are plotted as functions of the Ph, the maxima coinciding with the points of maximum dissociation of the salts... 

PRECIPITATION VALUES OF ELECTROLYTES FOR ARSENIOUS SULPHIDE HYDROSOL (7-54 MILLIMOLES PER LITRE). 

Moreover, the adsorbability of an ion is generally greater the greater the valency. Matsuno 9 used the precipitating values of cobalt-ammines to determine the valency of the complex ions, employing the equation, deduced from Freundlich s adsorption hypothesis, Sif = S/1V4, where Sy is the equivalent concentration of an A-valent ion, N being the valency of the complex ion, and S the precipitating value of a univalent ion. The results confirmed those obtained by spectroscopic and conductivity methods. 

Figure 6. Plot of average human (filled circles) and animal (empty symbols) collagen SlsN and precipitation values from several sites across the world reprinted after Schwarcz and coworkers (68), Fig. 1, p. 630, with permission from Elsevier. Average values from Sardinia (filled diamonds) have been added to the original plot according to present-day precipitation.

Fig. 9.11 Two cases of isotopic compositions varying with the amount of precipitation (the amount effect), reported by Dansgaard (1964). Left, Binza (Leopoldville), Congo right, Wake Island. The d180 precipitation values are for individual months. The amount effects were —2.2%o i)180/1 Of) mm rain for Binza and —1.6%o <51S0/100 mm rain for Wake Island.

Effect of pH on the solubility of acidic and basic substances. Solubility of calcium carbonate in water. Sulfide precipitation. Values of solubility products. 

Figure 7-A. Calculated results at 75 C under porosity 0.56, water/rock ratio 96 and fluid velocity I0 lm/s] conditions. Darker coture part is higher precipitation value region.

H. B. Weiser reported that the precipitation values for potassium salts for a negative colloidal soln. containing 365 grms. of chromic oxide per litre were for ferricyanide, 0-485 millieq. per litre chromate, 0-525 dichromate, 0-535 sulphate, 0-550 oxalate, 0-570 iodate, 0-635 bromate, 19-0 chloride, 30-0 bromide, 33-0 chlorate, 33-8 and iodide, 37-5. M. Bjerrum observed that by adding a soln. of O-lili-ammonium sulphate to a soln. containing 0112 mols of Cr, and 0-01 mol of nitric acid, the electrical conductivity of the soln. altered as indicated in Fig. 19-. 

Canopy pH values did not significantly differ from open precipitation values and averaged about 3.50. The lowest value of 2.4 was fran a sample collected on September 20, 1978 from the East Creek watershai sampling site. 

Nitrate ranged from 0.1 to 1.8 mg/1 and averaged about 0.85 mg/1 vdiich was ccmparable to precipitation (rain) concentrations. Snow-pack pH values ranged fron 2.6 to 5.6, with an average of about 3.6 sulfate concentrations were similar to open and canopy precipitation values and averaged about 5.0 mg/1. The water content of the collected snow samples varied from 3.0 - 5.4 ral/cc and averaged about 4.0 ml/cc. 

Figure 12.1.24. Precipitation value for PEI/NMP system with different non-solvents vs. temperature. [Data from D Wang, Li K, W K Teo, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 71, No.ll, 1789-96(1999).]...

FIGURE 2 Precipitation patterns at the headquarters weather station of University of California Agricultural Experiment Station, Hopland, CA. Elevation is 244 m. Annual total precipitation values are shown in (a) with mean and standard deviation lines. Monthly averages shown in (b) are for the period 1953 through 1999. 

Valence Relations. — The comparison of the precipitating values of different electrolytes found by Schulze, Prost,t Picton and Linder t gave the interesting result that univalent cathions have a less intensive effect than bivalent and these in turn were not so effective as tri-valent cathions. This can be easily seen from Table 7 constructed by Freundlich. ... 

Electrolyte. Precipitation value mmille mole per liter. Electrolyte. Precipitation value in mille-mols per liter. 

By precipitation value is understood that concentration of the salt lying between two other concentrations, the greater of which causes the liquid to become clear, and the smaller of which leaves the liquid slightly turbid. 

Electrolyte. Precipitation value mille-iDols. per liter. Electrol. Precipitation value mille-mols. per liter. 

It is worthy of note that morphine chloride and fuchsine have an abnormally low precipitation value, although each forms a univalent cathion. Moreover, a great many cathions of the heavy metals have a smaller value than corresponds to their valence, so that this law is somewhat limited in its application. 

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