Power calibration

ISO 11171 Hydraulic Fluid Power - Calibration of Automatic Particle Counters for Liquids, www.iso.org... 

Universal pulses act equally on any initial magnetisation state whereas excitation and inversion pulses are designed to act on longitudinal magnetisation only. The bandwidth factor is the product of the pulse duration. At, and the excitation bandwidth, Af, which is here defined as the excitation window over which the pulse is at least 70% effective (net pulse amplitude within 3 dB of the maximum other publications may define this value for higher levels and so quote smaller bandwidth factors). Use this factor to estimate the appropriate pulse duration for the desired bandwidth. The attenuation factor is used for approximate power calibration and represents the amount by which the transmitter output should be increased over that of a soft rectangular pulse of equal duration. The Gaussian based profiles are truncated at the 1% level. 

Of course, inverse-modeling approaches can also be used to determine the parameters of numerical ground-water transport models from fits to observed tracer data. Estimates of residence times for a number of locations in an aquifer provide a powerful calibration target for numerical ground-water transport models. If enough data are available to constrain the numerous unknowns in such models, this is presumably the most effective way to extract useful information from tracer data, in particular because the numerical models can be used to make predictions for the future development of the investigated system. Such predictions may become much more constrained and trustworthy if the model has been calibrated against tracer data. 

The 90 % NP steady state finally ended with a 13-day irradiation period which permitted irradiating the flux detectors to their saturation point, as well as completing the plant restart programme. On the one hand, the final requalification of the modifications made to the facility to improve protection against sodium fires was performed, with respect to which the good behaviour of that the new, so-called "sandwich", Na leak detection systems should be noted. On the other hand, two specific tests were also successfully performed first of all, with the reactor at power, calibrated... 

For the routine experiments of two TRIGA reactors and the commissioning experiments of the new 30 MW HANARO research reactor in the Republic of Korea, a stand alone system, with input signals independent from the reactor operation and safety chaimels, is configured. This system has been utilized for the criticality approach, real time reactivity measurement, noise analyses, control rod drop time measurement, and thermal power calibration in a natural convection cooled reactor. It replaces conventional counter modules for the criticality measurement, multichannel analyzer and... 

Developed programs are multi-counter, multi-scaler, reactivity computer, control rod drop timer, and thermal power calibrator. 

The power calibration program fully automatizes this experiment offering accuracy and conveniency. 

A PC system which can be applied to most of important research reactor experiments is successfully developed. It includes multi-counter, multi-scaler, reactivity computer, control rod drop time measurement and power calibration. So far, it has been focused on identifying and solving any problems or difficulties when counters are used since the analog data acquisition is relatively well known. 

ISO/DIS 4548-12 Methods of Test for Full-Flow Lubricating Oil Filters for Internal Combustion Engines - Part 12 Particle Retention Ability and Contaminant Holding Capacity Using Particle Counting ISO/DIS 11171 Hydraulic Fluid Power - Calibration of Liquid Automatic Particle Counters... 

BS ISO 11171 1999, Hydraulic fluid power. Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids... 

The utility of the results will, of course, be determined by the amount of detail in which these areas are covered. A rather good power calibration, however, can be made even in the least detailed case. 

The following is a list of assumptions made in a power calibration of an Argonaut-type reactor. Explain and determine the validity of each assumption and examine the list for completeness as applied to our proposed experiment. 

Although Eq. (2) has been derived for a simplified model, its accuracy when used for the AGN-201 reactor power calibration will depend primarily on the average thermal-flux measurement and to a lesser extent on a correction made for nonthermal fission. The energy distribution of the neutrons in the core actually covers a wide range, from fission energies down to thermal. Before the neutrons are slowed down into the thermal region, some will be captured in and and hence cause additional... 

The results of the experiment will include the power calibration, plots of the vertical and radial flux distributions, a determination of the average flux in the core, the absolute flux at the core center, and a cadmium-ratio measurement with the standard gold foil. The calculations necessary to obtain these results involve the equations in Section II. The fuel-cadmium ratio has been found to equal 19.7. The flux depression and self shielding... 

S. Helf et al.. Flux Measurement and Power Calibration with AGN-201 Reactor, INSE Unpublished Report. 

As previously mentioned, in phase 1 of the project, the customer s preference was obtained for each of the 22 nodes in terms of low operation cost, reliability, efiBciency, long life of the equipments, ease of maintenance, ease of detection and correct, performance, maximum power, calibration, availability and accessibility as relevant. In a QFD studio, each one of these terms of preference receives the keyword (what). 

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