Potatoes Phytophthora infestans

Next, we observed that the activity of this isoPO was higher in calluses than in intact plants. Moreover, the significant activation of this isoform (pl 8.5) was shown in potato calluses infected by Phytophthora infestans (Fig. 1). 

We observed the activation of chitin-specific PO during infection with the causative agents of a number of diseases in wheat under the influence of Btpolaris soroktntana and the elicitors (Fig. 4), Septoria nodorum (Yusupova et al, 2006) and Tilletia caries (Khairullin et al., 2000) in potato infected by Phytophthora infestans (Maksimov et al., 2011), and in Aegilops umbellulata infected by Septoria nodorum (Maksimov et al, 2006). 

Potatoes Blight Phytophthora infestans Bordeaux mixture, copper oxychloride, copper sulphate + sulphur... 

Carnegie, S.F. and Colhoun, J. (1982). Susceptibility of potato leaves to Phytophthora infestans on potato plants in relation to plant age and leaf position , Phytopathology. Z, 104, 157-167. 

Jindal, K.K., Singh, H., and Meeta, M. (1988). Biological control of Phytophthora infestans on potato , Indian Journal of Plant Pathology, 6, 59-62. 

Lapwood, D.H. (1977). Factors affecting the field infection of potato tubers of potato tubers of different cultivars by blight (Phytophthora infestans), Annals of Applied Biology, 85, 23 -2. 

Leifert, C. and Wilcockson, S.J. (2005). Blight-MOP Development of a systems approach for the management of late blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans) in EU organic potato production. Final Report, Newcastle University, UK. 

Mooi, J.C. (1965). Experiments on testing field resistance to Phytophthora infestans by inoculating cut leaves of potato varieties , European Potato Journal, 8, 182-183. 

Stewart, H. E. (1990). Effect of plant age and inoculum concentration on expression of major gene resistance to Phytophthora infestans in detached potato leaflets , Mycological Research, 94, 823-826. 

Covers F et al (1997) The potato late bhght pathogen Phytophthora infestans and other pathogenic oomycota. In Caroh, HE Tudzynski, P (eds) The mycota part B plant relationships. Springer, Berlin, pp. 17-36... 

Yao, K.N., de Luca, V., and Brisson, N., Creation of a metabolic sink for tryptophan alters the phenylpropanoid pathway and the susceptibility of potato to Phytophthora infestans. Plant Cell, 1, 1787, 1995. 

Douches, D. S., Bamberg, J. B., Kirk, W., Jastrzebski, K., Niemira, B. A., Coombs, J., Bisognin, D. A., Felcher, K. J. (2001). Evaluation of wild Solanum species for resistance to the US-8 genotype of Phytophthora infestans utilizing a fine-screening teehnique. American Journal of Potato Research, 78, 159-165. 

Zimnoch-Guzowska,E. L.,R.,Kryszczuk, A.,Maciejewska,U., Szczerbakowa, A., Wielgat,B. (2003). Resistance to Phytophthora infestans in somatic hybrids of Solanum nigrum L. and diploid potato. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 107, 43 8. 

Zlesak, D. C., Thill, C. A. (2004). Foliar resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary (US-8) in 13 Mexican and South American Solanum species having EBNs of 1, 2, and 4 and implications for breeding. American Journal of Potato Research, 81, 421 29. 

Jarvis, M. C., Threlfall, D. R., Friend, J. (1981b). Potato cell wall polysaccharides degradation with enzymes from Phytophthora infestans. J. Exp. Bol, 32,1309-1319. 

Chlorothalonil, a chlorophenyl introduced in the mid-1960s, is a major protectant fungicide. It is used alone or in mixtures to control Septoria spp. in cereals, Phytophthora infestans in potatoes and Botrytis spp. in vegetables. 

Cymoxanil. Cymoxanil (Figure 4.34) is a systemic urea with protectant and curative activity against Oomycetes, particularly Plasmo-para viticola on vine and Phytophthora infestans (potato late blight). 

Ishiguri, Y., Tomiyama, A.K., Murai, A., Katsui, N., Masamune, N. Toxicity of rishitin, rishitin-M-1, andrishitin-M-2 to Phytophthora infestans and potato tissue. Ann Phytopathol Soc Japan 1978 44 52-56. 

EngstromK., Widmark A.K., Brishammar S., Helmersoon S., Antifungal activity to Phytophthora infestans of sesquiterpendoids from infectd potato tyubers. Potato Res 1999 42 43-50. 

A basic principle in plant pathology is that fungicides are used for crops that lack natural resistance to the fungus involved. Two notorious examples are Phytophthora infestans on potato and Venturia inaequalis on apple. ISfo farmer would go to the labor and expense to spray his potatoes or his apples if he could have plants that successfully fight off their fungi. This principle says further that the amount of fungicide needed or the frequency of application is inversely proportional to natural resistance. 

Docosahexaenoic acid Scolopendrium vulgare (fern) (Aspleniaceae) Phytophthora infestans elicitor in potato After ingestion of a-Linolenic acid PPA-R agonist (at 100) [anti-... 

The fungicidal activity of sceptrin at 10 ppm was found to be >65 % inhibition of Phytophthora infestans (potato late blight) [103]. In addition to its antimicrobial, antiviral [104], antimuscarinic [22], and antihistaminic [30] properties, sceptrin was shown to be the first and most potent nonpeptide somatostatin inhibitor in the submicromolar range [105]. 

Choi, D., Ward, B.L. and Bostock, R.M. (1992) Differential induction and suppression of potato 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase genes in response to Phytophthora infestans and to its elicitor arachidonic acid. Plant Cell, 4,1333 4. 

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