Post-polymerization modification poly

Synthesis and post-polymerization modifications of aliphatic poly(car-bonatejs prepared by ring-opening polymerization 13CSR1312. Triazole-based one-dimensional spin-crossover coordination polymers 12CEJ15230. 

Nevertheless, most of the work reported on the post-polymerization modification of poly(all lene H-phosphonate)s concerns the functionalization with reactive pendant groups that include hydroxyl or amino groups, which make possible the introduction of a wide range of (bio)ac-tive molecules and leading to new reactive PPEs with tunable properties for biomedical applications. Most of the post-polymerization functionalization methods involve the corresponding polymeric chlorophosphite, since it was early demonstrated that cyclic allgrlene chlorophosphites such as 2-chloro-2-oxo-l,3,2-dioxaphospholane cannot be polymerized efficiently. ... 

Controlled structure polymeric betaines were reported for the first time only recently (286). The first examples were those prepared from the post-polymerization modification of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA), and its block copolymers, which had been prepared imder GTP conditions (286,287). Initial reports detailed the modification of hydrophilic-hydrophobic block copolymers, but this was subsequently extended to the selective modification of diamino hydrophilic-hydrophilic block copolymers (276). 

The post-polymerization modification of poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate) with allylamine to couple a thiol-terminated peptide domain was... 

To furnish a convenient reaction platform, polymer chemists have explored the utility of non-isocyanide-based MCRs in order to avoid the use of isocyanides. For example, Tao and coworkers focused intensively on the employment of non-isocyanide MCRs such as the BigineUi reaction [70] and the three-compmient reaction between aldehydes, amines, and mercaptoacetic acid [71]. In additimi, the utility of the Kabachnik-Fields reaction was demonstrated independently by the groups of Theato [72] and Tao [73]. To be precise, Kakuchi and Theato showed that the Kabachnik-Fields post-polymerization modification reaction on poly(4-vinyl benzaldehyde) with amines and phosphites proceeded very efficiently to afford polymers featuring a-amino phosphonate pendant groups (Scheme 3) [72]. Furthermore, the group of Tao succeeded in synthesizing polymeric a-amino phosphonates via concurrent Kabachnik-Fields reactions of vinyl compounds and RAFT polymerization of the vinyl monomers in a one-pot process [73]. 

Keywords Amphipathic polymers Bifunctionalized homopolymers Dual-func-timial polymers Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) Post-polymerization modification Sequential reactions siRNA delivery Thiol-epoxy reaction... 

Polymers containing activated ester functional groups have also been frequently employed for post-polymerization modifications [47-49]. Poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate) (PPFPMA) is a particularly attractive activated ester polymer because it has a high reactivity towards amines, hydrolytic stability, and good solubility in a variety of common organic solvents [50, 51]. Moreover, the... 

Fig. 7 Post-polymerization modification of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA)-brush-modified alumina membranes...

Functionalization of polysilanes by chemical modification (post-polymerization) was covered in COMC II (1995) (chapter Organopolysilanes, p 101), where the formation of precursor polysilanes with potentially functionalizable side groups such as chloride, type 34 (via HCI/AICI3 chlorodephenylation of PMPS), 6 triflate, type 35 (via triflate replacement of phenyl groups)135,137 or alkyl halide (via chloromethylation of phenyl groups,138,139 type 36, or addition of HC1 or HBr to double bonds140) was discussed. Four other precursor polysilanes, which utilize the reactivity of the Si-Cl or Si-H bond, have been successfully applied in functionalization since COMC (1995) perchloropolysilane, 17 (see Section 3.11.4.2.2.(i) for synthesis),103 poly[methyl(H)silylene-f >-methylphenylsilylene],... 

In order to prepare hydrolytically stable polythionyiphosphazenes the perchlo-rinated polymers were reacted with nucleophiles to substitute the hydrolytically sensitive main group-element halogen bonds [2]. This type of post-polymerization structural modification is well-established in polyphosphazene chemistry [2,8]. Thus, aryloxide nucleophiles or primary amines were used to substitute the polymers leading to poly(aryloxythionylphosphazenes) 24 and poly(amino-thionylphosphazenes) 25 respectively [35,37] ... 

Scheme 30.21 Synthesis of hyperbranched glycopolymers. (i) RAFT polymerization (ii) poly(methacrylate)s via RAFT polymeriza- thiol-ene click" coupling with glucothiose. tion of EGDMA, and the post-polymerization Reproduced with permission from Ref. [ISO] modification using thiol-ene click coupling 2010, American Chemical Society, for the preparation of hyperbranched...

The monitoring of dose can be performed with different techniques chemical systems (Fricke and ceric solutions [31]), radiochromic compounds (dyes [32, 33]), polymeric tapes (polyethylene [34], poly(vinyl chloride) [35, 36], poly(methyl methacrylate) [37-40], epoxy resin [41]), radiation thermoluminescence phosphors [42, 43]. Several requirements are imposed for a proper dosimeter similarity with processed material in respect with linear energy transfer, reproducibility, sensitivity, lack of the influence of humidity, stability after irradiation, easy to calibrate, appropriate dose range and dose rate, linearity and independency on the type of radiation, the response being constant in time, lack of post-irradiation modification. 

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