Porous biocompatibility

C.J. Buchko, L.C. Chen, Y. Shen, D.C. Martin. 1999. Processing and mierostruetural characterization of porous biocompatible protein polymer thin films. 

Later, Rinki et al. proposed a green approach to prepare nanoscaffolds from CHNCs using supercritical carhon dioxide (scCOa). The scCOa method was found to be more time and energy efficient, with improved scaffold properties compared to the lyophilization method. An increase in surface area, pore volume, and pore size confirmed formation of the network structure. This type of highly porous biocompatible scaffold is an attractive material for tissue engineering applications. Lertwattanaseri et al. also reported a microwave technique for the preparation of a chitosan scaffold from chitin nanocrystals. 

Buchko C. J., Chen L. C., Shen Y., and Martin D. C., Processing and microstructural characterization of porous biocompatible protein potymer thin films. Polymer, 1999,40,1291-1 Wl. 

Buchko, C.J., K.M. Kozloff, and D.C. Martin. 2001. Surface characterization of porous, biocompatible protein polymer thin films. Biomaterials 22 1289. 

Xing, Q., Zhao, R, Chen, S., McNamara, J., DeCoster, M. A., and Lvov, Y. M. (2010). Porous biocompatible three-dimensional scaffolds of cellulose microfiber/gelatin composites for cell c At ae. Acta Biomater. 6, 21322139. 

Silva A, Silva-Freitas 6, Carvalho J, Pontes T, Araiijo-Neto R, Silva K, Carrl9o A, Egito E (2012) Advances in applied biotechnology (M Petre, Ed). InTech. doi 10.5772/1096 Badami AS, Kreke MR, Thompson MS, Riffle JS, Goldstein AS (2006) Effect of fiber diameter on spreading, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblastic cells on electrospun poly(lactic acid) substrates. Biomaterials 27(4) 596-606. doi 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.084 Buchko CJ, Chen LC, Shen Y, Martin DC (1999) Processing and microstmctural characterization of porous biocompatible protein polymer thin films. Polymer 40(26) 7397-7407. doi 10.1016/ S0032-3861(98)00866-0... 

Briot, P. and M. Primet (1991). Catalytic oxidation of methane over palladimn supported on alumina. Effect of aging under reactants. Appfierf Catalysis 68(1) 301-314. Buchko, C. J., L. C. Chen, Y. Shen, and D. C. Martin (1999). Processing and micro-structural characterization of porous biocompatible protein polymer thin films. Polymer 40(26) 7397-7407. 

In a previous section, the effect of plasma on PVA surface for pervaporation processes was also mentioned. In fact, plasma treatment is a surface-modification method to control the hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity balance of polymer materials in order to optimize their properties in various domains, such as adhesion, biocompatibility and membrane-separation techniques. Non-porous PVA membranes were prepared by the cast-evaporating method and covered with an allyl alcohol or acrylic acid plasma-polymerized layer the effect of plasma treatment on the increase of PVA membrane surface hydrophobicity was checked [37].The allyl alcohol plasma layer was weakly crosslinked, in contrast to the acrylic acid layer. The best results for the dehydration of ethanol were obtained using allyl alcohol treatment. The selectivity of treated membrane (H20 wt% in the pervaporate in the range 83-92 and a water selectivity, aH2o, of 250 at 25 °C) is higher than that of the non-treated one (aH2o = 19) as well as that of the acrylic acid treated membrane (aH2o = 22). 

J. Xu et al. [283] have shown that immobilization of enzymes can be done using a specially designed composite membrane with a porous hydrophobic layer and a hydrophilic ultrafiltration layer. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with micrometer pores as an excellent hydrophobic support for immobilization was employed for the porous hydrophobic layer, and a biocompatible material of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) which provided a favourable environment to retain the lipase activity was used to prepare the hydrophilic... 

All conclusions made above are equally valid for all hydrolyzing , fine-porous and bulk biocompatible polymers. 

Stiff lightweight structures such as aircraft wings are made from sandwiches of continuous sheets filled with foams or honeycombs. Open porous structures can form frameworks for infiltration by other materials leading to application of biocompatible implants. Open pore structures are used as supports for catalysts. 

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