Polyvinyl chloride resin applicability

Polyvinyl chloride resin, because of its inherent thermal instability and wide range of applications, requires us to develop additive recipes based on specific application and processing requirements. Typical additive packages include stabilizers, plasticizers, waxes, processing aids, pigments, and mineral additives. 

Nearly 97% of vinyl chloride consumption is for polyvinyl chloride resins and more than half of the PVC applications are in construction related uses. 

Even PE, PP and polyvinyl chloride resins, still the most commonly used thermoplastic polymeric materials with wood, have low thermal stability above 200 °C. However, their inherently undesirable mechanical properties, such as the creep-resistant properties of the polyolefin matrix, have impeded further applications of the wood plastic composites (WPG) as structural composite materials. In attempts to overcome these drawbacks, attention has been given to the silane-crosslinking of wood/PE composites [38], the use of high-performance engineering thermoplastics such as Nylon 6 [39] as a single polymeric matrix, the modification of the matrix by incorporation of organoclay [40], and stretching wood/PP composites [41]. 

EVA copolymers have low crystallinity because the acetate branches interfere with crystallization. These resins are characterized by increased flexibility and resilience over a wide temperature range and by improved clarity. EVA copolymers are widely used as a nonplasticizer alternative for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) applications. These copolymers also have higher moduli than standard elastomers and are preferable in that they are more easily processed without the need to vulcanize. 

The term plasticized (also spelt plasticised ) simply means that there is plasticizer (plasticiser) present in the injection molding material but, it does not mean that there are no other additives mixed in with the polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC). Additives are essential in PVC technology as without them the plastic is useless as it cannot be successfully processed. Some additives enhance the properties of the base PVC and permit its use in a wider range of applications. 

In connection with the content of this section, dynamic features of ion transports through polyvinyl chloride membranes [27,28], ion-exchange resin membranes [29,30], or BLMs [31-36] have been discussed in the light of VCTTMs. For wide and pertinent applications of the VCTTM, however, further investigations have been required on the experimental and theoretical methods to analyze VCTTM quantitatively. 

Bisphenol A (BPA) (Figure 14.1a) is a starting substance utilized in the manufacture of most types of epoxy resins, which are then crosslinked and used to coat food cans. Another application of BPA is in the manufacture of plastic materials, in particular polycarbonates. BPA serves also as an antioxidant or stabilizing material for many types of plastics, e.g., polyvinyl chloride (PVC). 

Applications. Phthalic anhydride is used largely to make plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride. It is also a feed for alkyd resins and. for unsaturated polyesters that are widely used in construction, rharine, and synthetic marble applications. Other minor applications are dyes, esters, drying oil modifiers and pharmaceutical intermediates. 

There is every indication that the next several years will witness a continued rapid increase in the use of petroleum raw materials in the production of elastomers and plastics, and that the petroleum companies will become increasingly active, not only in providing the starting materials, but also in operating the chemical processes of converting them to the required monomers and polymers. The current increase in production of thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and acrylonitrile polymers is based on the development of widespread new applications at the consumer level, and the outlet for plastic materials in many of these uses is presently limited by the capacity to produce and process the resins rather than by consumer demand. 

Another very important property of plasticizers for PVC resins is the ability to act as a dispersing medium for polyvinyl chloride plastisols. The performance of the particular plasticizer in a plastisol application depends to a great extent on a property known as its viscosity stability. The stability of the plastisol to viscosity build up is the manifestation of the solvating effects of the plasticizer, and thus, those materials with higher solvating efficiency tend to display an increase in plastisol viscosity on standing. Figure 3 is the plot of the viscosity stability of PVC o-phthalate ester plastisol compositions and, in essence, compares the alcohol-derived plasticizers with that of the olefin-derived plasticizer. The data show that... 

Application Production of suspension polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resins from vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) using the Vinnolit process. 

Used as a plasticizer for vinyl resins and for applications involving co-polymerization with polyvinyl chloride and vinyl acetates in emulsion paints and adhesives. Provides elasticity and flexibility. 

Additive used for thermoplastic applications requiring lubrication, slip and anti-blocking properties. Commonly used in polyethylene and polypropylene films, as a lubricant in polyvinyl chloride, mold release agent, dyestuff dispersant for printing inks and surface coatings, and a blending agent for polyamide resins. 

Use Solvent for resins, acetylene, etc., pigment dispersant, petroleum processing, spinning agent for polyvinyl chloride, microelectronics industry plastic solvent applications, intermediate. 

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