Polyurethanes, fluorinated other applications

Other applications of FTIR in microstructural analysis of homopolymers include 1,4-diazophenylene - bridged Cu-phthalocyanine [63], isobornyl methacrylate [64], polypropylene [65, 66], polyaniline [67, 68], polycaprolactone [69], viscose fibres [70], Kevlar [71], polystyrene sulfonic acid [66, 72], syndiotactic polystyrene [73], isotactic polypropylene [66,74,75], polyurethane [76], PMMA [75, 77], poljmrethane ether [78], PE [79-80], fluorinated acrylates [81], rigid PU [82], N-(2-biphenyl)4-(2 phenylethynyljphthalamide [83], polyacrylic acid [84], polysodium styrene sulfonate [84], and polyacrylic acid [85]. 

Much attention has been paid to the synthesis of fluorine-containing condensation polymers because of their unique properties (43) and different classes of polymers including polyethers, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyimides, polybenzimidazoles, and epoxy prepolymers containing pendent or backbone-incorporated bis-trifluoromethyl groups have been developed. These polymers exhibit promise as film formers, gas separation membranes, seals, soluble polymers, coatings, adhesives, and in other high temperature applications (103,104). Such polymers show increased solubility, glass-transition temperature, flame resistance, thermal stability, oxidation and environmental stability, decreased color, crystallinity, dielectric constant, and water absorption. 

All TP or TS matrix property can be improved or changed to meet varying requirements by using reinforcements. Typical thermoplastics used include TP polyesters, polyethylenes (PEs), nylons (polyamides/ PAs), polycarbonates (PCs), TP polyurethanes (PURs), acrylics (PMMAs), acetals (polyoxymethylenes/POMs), polypropylenes (PPs), acrylonitrile butadienes (ABSs), and fluorinated ethylene propylenes (FEPs). The thermoset plastics include TS polyesters (unsaturated polyesters), epoxies (EPs), TS polyurethanes (PURs), diallyl phthalates (DAPs), phenolics (phenol formaldehydes/PFs), silicones (Sis), and melamine formaldehydes (MFs). RTSs predominate for the high performance applications with RTFs fabricating more products. The RTPs continue to expand in the electronic, automotive, aircraft, underground pipe, appliance, camera, and many other products. 

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