Polystyrene/clay nanocomposites properties

Dai G, Mishnaevsky Jr L (2013) Damage evolution in nanoclay-reinforced polymers a three-dimensional computational smdy. Compos Sci Technol 74 67—77 Durmus A, Woo M, Kas goz A, Macosko CW, Tsapatsis M (2007) htbnealated linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/clay nanocomposites prepared with oxidized polyethylene as a new type compatibilizer stmctural, mcehanieal and barrier properties. Eur Polym J 43 3737—3749 Pan J, Liu S, Chen G, Qi Z (2002) SEM study of polystyrene/clay nanocomposite. J Appl Polym Sci 83 66-69... 

H.-W. Wang, K.-C. Chang, J.-M. Yeh, and S.-J. Liou, Synthesis and dielectric properties of polystyrene-clay nanocomposite materials. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 91 (2004), 1368-73. 

Yeh J. M., Liou S.J.,LinC.G., Chang Y. P., Yu Y. E1. et al., (2004d), Effective Enhancement of Anticorrosive Properties of Polystyrene by Polystyrene-clay Nanocomposite Materials. JAppl Polym Sci, 92, 1970-6. 

This chapter covers fundamental and applied research on polyester/clay nanocomposites (Section 31.2), which includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET), blends of PET and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxy-late) (PEN), and unsaturated polyester resins. Section 31.3 deals with polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP)-montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites, including blends of low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), and high density polyethylene (HDPE). Section 31.4 analyzes the fire-retardant properties of nanocomposites made of high impact polystyrene (HIPS), layered clays, and nonhalogenated additives. Section 31.5 discusses the conductive properties of blends of PET/PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate)) and PET/HDPE combined with several types of carbon... 

The addition of nanoparticles to synthetic rubber resulting in enhancement in thermal, stiffness and resistance to fracture is one of the most important phenomena in material science technology. The commonly used white filler in mbber industry are clay and silica. The polymer/clay nanocomposites offer enhanced thermo mechanical properties. Bourbigot et al. observed that the thermal stability of polystyrene (PS) is significandy increased in presence of nanoclay [75]. Thermal and mechanical properties of clays multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) prepared through melt blending showed synergistic effect in properties [76]. 

Nanocomposites based on polymer-clay systems are of considerable interest for the development of new stmctural and functional materials. Recently, there has been much research into polymer/day nanocomposites such as epoxy, acrylic,polystyrene, and polyamide-6, owing to their unique and improved properties. For instance, compared to polyamide-6, polyamide-6/clay nanocomposites at 5wt.% day loading levd had the heat distortion temperature 87 °C higher. Also the tensile strength and tensile modulus were 49% and 68% higher, while the impact strength was almost unchanged. ... 

Reference. [18] showed the strong infiuence of preparation route on the thermal properties of polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites. An appreciable reduction in Tg was observed only for composites obtained from solution, whereas the composites obtained by melt intercalation showed Tg values approximately equal to that of neat polymer. Some difficulties in detecting changes in Tg for polymer-clay nanocomposites occurring with the conventional DSC [19] method could be overcome using the TMDSC method. 

This book covers both fundamental and applied research associated with polymer-based nanocomposites, and presents possible directions for further development of high performanee nanocomposites. It has two main parts. Part I has 12 chapters which are entirely dedicated to those polymer nanocomposites containing layered silicates (clay) as an additive. Many thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers are included, such as polyamide (Chapter 1), polypropylene (Chapter 4), polystyrene (Chapter 5), poly(butylene terephthalate) (Chapter 9), poly(ethyl acrylate) (Chapter 6), epoxy resin (Chapter 2), biodegradable polymers (Chapter 3), water soluble polymers (Chapter 8), acrylate photopolymers (Chapter 7) and rubbers (Chapter 12). In addition to synthesis and structural characterisation of polymer/clay nanocomposites, their unique physical properties like flame retardancy (Chapter 10) and gas/liquid barrier (Chapter 11) properties are also discussed. Furthermore, the crystallisation behaviour of polymer/clay nanocomposites and the significance of chemical compatibility between a polymer and clay in affecting clay dispersion are also considered. 

Several efforts have been reported to synthesize new organoclays to improve organoclay thermal stability, while enhancing the interaction between polystyrene and the modified clay. Organoclays prepared from phosphonium, stibonium or imidazolium cations have been employed in such studies [3-5]. Although evidences suggests that clay dispersion and the improvement in nanocomposite properties depend on the surface... 

---