Transporter polyspecific

Grundemann, D., et al. Drug excretion mediated by a new prototype of polyspecific transporter. Nature 1994, 372, 549-552. 

Obviously, not all predicted transporters are being confirmed to be polyspecific, but quite a few of them are [15], underscoring the impressive scale of the bacterial "resistome. We should consider ourselves lucky that not all of these polyspecific transporters, frequently dubbed MDRs, are in fact clinically relevant. While they effectively expel dyes, quaternary ammonium compounds, and other organic... 

In this by no means comprehensive overview, we examine the families of bacterial polyspecific transporters and features of their structure and transport mechanisms that make them particularly efficient in preventing antibiotics access to their targets. 

Rowland, M., Warhurst, G., Molecular expression polyspecific drug transporters in human intestine, J. Physiol. 1999, 517P, 53P. 

Kekuda, R., et al. Cloning and functional characterization of a potential-sensitive, polyspecific organic cation transporter (OCT3) most abundantly expressed in placenta. J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273, 15971-15979. 

Gorboulev, V., et al. Cloning and characterization of two human polyspecific organic cation transporters. DNA Cell. Biol. 1997, 16, 871-881. 

Busch, A. E., et al. Electrogenic properties and substrate specificity of the polyspecific rat cation transporter rOCTl. /. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 32599-32604. 

Bossuyt, X., Muller, M., Hagen-buch, B., Meier, P. J., Polyspecific drug and steroid clearance by an organic anion transporter of mammalian liver, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1996, 276, 891-896. 

Busch AE, Karbach U, Miska D, Gorboulev V, Akhoundova A, Volk C et al. Human neurons express the polyspecific cation transporter hOCT2, which translocates monoamine neurotransmitters, amantadine, and memantine. Mol Pharmacol 1998 54(2) 342—352. 

Lips KS, Volk C, Schmitt BM, Pfeil U, Arndt P, Miska D, Ermert L, Kummer W, Koepsell FI (2005) Polyspecific cation transporters mediate luminal release of acetylcholine from bronchial epithelium. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 33 79-88. 

D-Ala-deltorphin-I and -II transverse the blood brain barrier in vivo and in vitro [51]. Recently, D-Ala-deltorphin-II was identified as a transport substrate of organic anion transporting polypeptides (Oatp/OATP), a family of polyspecific membrane transporters, strongly expressed at the rat and human blood brain barrier [52]. Modified analogues of these peptides were synthesized to improve their transit across the blood brain barrier [48,49,53]. Because they resist enzyme degradation and can cross endothelial barriers into the CNS, the deltorphins meet the criteria for peptides with potential for systemic administration. 

The discussion of the role of MDTs is tightly connected with the question of the evolution of polyspecificity. One can suggest two possible paradigms of multidrug transporter evolution The first one states that because MDTs confer broad-range drug... 

Koepsell H, Lips K, Volk C. Polyspecific organic cation transporters structure, function, physiological roles, and biopharmaceutical implications. Pharm. Res. 2007 24 1227-1251. 

Gorboulev V, Volk C, Arndt P, Akhoundova A, Koepsell H. Selectivity of the polyspecific cation transporter rOCTl is changed by mutation of aspartate 475 to glutamate. Mol. Pharmacol. 1999 56 1254-1261. 

OATP SLC21A3 Polyspecific organic anion transport protein... 

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