Copolymer polysaccharide graft

Coni I, Ferrero MC, Jimenez-Castellanos RM, Gurruchaga M. Synthesis of hydroxypropyl methacrylate/polysaccharide graft copolymers as matrices for controlled release tablets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2002 28(9) 1101-1115. 

R171 B. S. Kaith, H. Mittal, J. K. Bhatia and S. Kalia, Polysaccharide Graft Copolymers - Synthesis, Properties and Applications , in Biopolymers Biomedical and Environmental Applications, eds. S. Kalia and L. Averous, Scrivener Publishing, Salem, Mass., 2011, p. 35. 

Keywords Drug formulations, controlled drug debvery, natural polysaccharides, graft copolymers... 

Gref R, Rodrigues J, Couvreur P (2002) Polysaccharides grafted with polyesters novel amphiphilic copolymers for biomedical applications. Macromolecules 35 9861-9867... 

Metal ions of transition and other elements of variable valency, e.g. Ce, Co, Fe, V, Mn, etc., are known to oxidize polysaccharides rather selectively, producing macroradicals as intermediates which are capable of adding vinyl monomers and form graft copolymers. These initiators are redox systems which differ from those previously described by not producing free radicals of low molecular weight. Only macroradicals on the substrate are formed in the redox reaction. Some homopolymer may still be formed in the process, e.g. due to oxidation of monomer or other side reactions. ... 

Rogovin, Z. A., T ung Sun, A. D. Virnik, and N. M. Khvostenko CIV. Synthesis of new cellulose and other polysaccharide derivatives. 19. Synthesis of cellulose and carbon-chain graft copolymer withour simultaneous formation of homopolymers. Vysokomolekul. Soedin. 4, 571 (1962). 

Rogovin, Z. A., and U. Zhun-Zhui Structure and properties of cellulose and its esters. LXXXV. Synthesis of new derivatives of cellulose and other polysaccharides. IV. Synthesis of graft copolymers of carboxymethyl cellulose and caprolactam. Vysokomolekulyarnye Soedineniya 1, 1630 (1959). 

The hydroxo-initiator R OH may be a polysaccharide or may be modified by a certain degree of substitution by hydroxyl groups (Scheme lb). Following this scheme, many graft copolymers have been synthesized and characterized ... 

The present review is mainly concerned with the preparation and functionalization of micro compositional materials with cellulosic polysaccharides as the principal component, including four major categories graft copolymers, miscible or compatible polymer blends and networks, polysaccharide/inorganic nanohybrids, and mesomorphic ordered systems. Ultrathin layers of cellulosic... 

Modification of natural polysaccharides through various graft copolymerization techniques is discussed in this chapter. Characterization of graft copolymers using different techniques like FT-IR, C-NMR, SEM, XRD, TGA, DTA and DTG along with their physical, chemical and mechanical properties are discussed as a function of different reaction conditions of their synthesis. Applications for modified polysaccharides include drug delivery devices, controlled release of fungicides, selective water absorption from oil-water emulsions and purification of water. 

Keywords Polysaccharides, green composites, graft copolymers, drug-fungicide delivery, thermal stability, biodegradation... 

Polysaccharides and their graft copolymers find extensive applications in diversified fields. Grafting is known to improve the characteristic properties of backbones. Such properties include water repellancy, thermal stability, flame resistance, dyeability and resistance towards acid-base attack and abrasion. Modification of natural cellulosics through graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto Cannabis indica, rayon, jute, cotton, etc., has resulted in the improvement of their morphology and other physicochemical properties [9-23]. 

In the case of differential thermal analysis (DTA), most of the graft copolymers exhibit exothermic peaks at higher temperatures. These exothermic peaks can be related to different decomposition phases of TGA. Exothermic peaks at a lower temperature correspond to the release of energy during the volatilization process, whereas, higher temperature exothermic peaks correspond to the decompositions of other polysaccharide contents [67]. 

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