Polymers functionalisation

Cationic polymer-functionalised gold NP have large concentrations of positive charge, which promote their adsorption onto negatively charged bacterial membranes via electrostatic interactions. This kind of antimicrobial material, with effective antibacterial activity and better biocompatibility, can promote the healing of microbially infected wounds and could have promising applications in the biomedical field. 

The grafting from approach is based on the initial immobilization of initiators on to the nanotube surface followed by in situ polymerisation with the formation of the polymer molecules bound to the nanotube. The benefit of this technique is that polymer-functionalised nanotubes with high grafting density can be produced. However, this method requires a strict control of the amounts of initiator and substrate. 

M. Zom, S. Meuer, M.N. Tahir, Y. Khalavka, C. Soennichsen, W. Tremel, R. Zentel, Liquid crystalline phases from polymer functionalised semiconducting nanorods. J. Mater. Chem. 18, 3050-3058 (2008)... 

A novel process for the preparation of latex with high solid content, but maintaining the characteristics of microemulsion polymerisation latex, small particle size (less than 50 nm) and polymer with high molecular weight (more than 10 6) is presented. With the PS latex obtained by microemulsion polymerisation as seed, core shell, styrene-butyl acrylate polymers functionalised with itaconic acid are prepared. Materials were characterised by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and transmission electron microscopy. These polymers have better mechanical properties than the non functionalised or those prepared by emulsion polymerisation. 11 refs. 

In 2005, Kunz et al. developed new composite materials, which ideally combined polymer functionalisation with good mass-transfer properties of monolithic carriers. This unique combination led to versatile materials for organic synthesis, which could be used in a flow-through mode. Based on these monolithic materials with different polymer functionalities, a wide variety of reactions were conducted, such as the example of DKR depicted in Scheme 2.75. 

Enzymatic Polymer Functionalisation Advances in Laccase and Peroxidase Derived Lignocellulose Functional Polymers... 

Abstract Enzymatic polymer functionalisation has entered its most fascinating period with development in this field largely at the basic research level and pilot scale applications. Development of enzymatic processes for the development of lignocellulose-based functional polymers has not been spared, ranging from textile fibres with novel properties (antimicrobials properties, hydrophobic properties, attractive shed colours, etc.) to fibreboards. Enzymatic processes are also being actively pursued aimed at developing functional polymers from lignin (a major by product of the pulp and process). 

Advanced Method for the Application of Recycled Polymers Functionalisation of Recycled Polymers... 

The PEM are usually based on thin ionomer (polymer functionalised with acidic function) films. The main roles served by membrane are to separate the electrodes, to allow proton transportation from anode to cathode and to create a barrier against the passage of gases or fluids (e.g. methanol). Nevertheless the ionomer itself does not provide any appreciable conductivity and so must be swollen by molecules, e.g. water, to ensure proton conductivity. Water uptake by the membrane is therefore one of the most essential parameters in obtaining high conductivity levels. 

In Class-II materials components are chemically linked by strong covalent or iono-covalent bonds. The molecules used as starting building blocks possess two distinct functionalities alkoxy groups (R-O-M bonds) and metal-carbon (M-C) links. The alkoxy groups can be formed into an oxo-polymer network by hydrolysis-polycondensation reactions in a sol-gel. Hybrids can be obtained from organically modified silicon alkoxides such as polyfunctional or polymer functionalised alkoxysilanes. The network-forming functionalities can be covalently connected in a sol-gel in several ways ... 

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