Polymerization factors affecting

Moad G, Rizzardo E (1995) Alkoxyamine-initiated living radical polymerization factors affecting alkoxyamine homolysis rates. Macromolecules 28 8772-8728... 

The formation mechanism of structure of the crosslinked copolymer in the presence of solvents described on the basis of the Flory-Huggins theory of polymer solutions has been considered by Dusek [1,2]. In accordance with the proposed thermodynamic model [3], the main factors affecting phase separation in the course of heterophase crosslinking polymerization are the thermodynamic quality of the solvent determined by Huggins constant x for the polymer-solvent system and the quantity of the crosslinking agent introduced (polyvinyl comonomers). The theory makes it possible to determine the critical degree of copolymerization at which phase separation takes place. The study of this phenomenon is complex also because the comonomers act as diluents. 

Three factors affect the essential nature of a polymeric material and determine whether it is glassy, rubbery, or fibre-forming under a given set of conditions. These are ... 

The trans/cis ratio of the product must, therefore, be determined at an earlier reaction stage and most probably by the ratio of species 27a and 27b. Steric or electronic factors affecting this ratio will influence the trans/cis ratio of the resulting 1,4-hexadiene. The phosphine and the cocatalyst effect on the stereoselectivity can thus be interpreted in terms of their influence on the mode of butadiene coordination. Some earlier work on the stereospecific synthesis of polybutadiene by Ni catalyst can be adopted to explain the effect observed here, because the intermediates that control the stereospecificity of the polymerization should be essen-... 

J. Bobacka. T. Lindfors, A. Lewenstam. and A. Ivaska, All-Solid-State Ion Sensors Using Conducting Polymers as Ion-to-Electron Transducers, Am. Lab., February 2004, 13 A. Konopka, T. Sokalski, A. Michalska, A. Lewenstam, and M. Maj-Zurawska, Factors Affecting the Potentiometric Response of All-Solid-State Solvent Polymeric Membrane Calcium-Selective Electrode for Low-Level Measurement, Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 6410 M. Fouskaki and... 

The F/C ratio model accounts for the fact that for carbon-containing gases etching and polymerization occur simultaneously. The process that dominates depends upon etch gas stoichiometry, reactive-gas additions, amount of material to be etched, and electrode potential and upon how these factors affect the F/C ratio. For instance, as described in Figure 8, the F/ C ratio of the etchant gas determines whether etching or polymerization is favored. If the primary etchant species for silicon (F atoms) is consumed either by a loading effect or by reaction with hydrogen to form HF, the F/... 

Eq. (17) predicts that, when Pn is 100, the polydispersity is equal to 1.01, so that the polymer is virtually monodisperse. However, such ideal monodisperse polymers have scarcely been synthesized. The lowest values of polydispersity (Mw/Mn = 1.05-1.10) have been attained in homogeneous anionic polymerization 43). Gold 41) calculated the polydispersity of a polymer in the living polymerization with a slow initiation reaction and showed that the value of Pw/Pn increases slightly to a maximum (1.33) with an increase in polymerization time, followed by a decrease toward 1.00. Other factors affecting the molecular weight distribution of living polymer have been discussed in several papers 5S 60). 

Price, C. C. Mechanism of vinyl polymerizations. IX. Some factors affecting copolymerization. J. Polymer Sci. 1, 83 (1946). 

Petrella R. V. Factors affecting combustion of polystyrene and styrene. In Flame Retardant Polymeric Materials, Lewin, M. Atlas, S. M. Pearce, E. M., Eds., Vol. 2, New York Plenum Press, 1978, pp. 159-201. 

T.R. Hull, A.A. Stec, K. Lebek, and D. Price, Factors affecting the combustion toxicity of polymeric materials, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 92, 2239-2246, 2007. 

Ruthenium is known to catalyze a number of reactions, including the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons (7) and the polymerization of ethylene (2). The higher metal dispersions and the shape selectivity that a zeolite provides has led to the study of ruthenium containing zeolites as catalytic materials (3). A number of factors affect the product distribution in Fischer-Tropsch chemistry when zeolites containing ruthenium are used as the catalyst, including the location of the metal (4) and the method of introducing ruthenium into the zeolite (3). 

Possible Factors Affecting the Lability of the Polymerizing System.145... 

The third type of immobilization was applied to the tissue cells, because a tissue cell can grow favorably after attachment and adhesion to a support surface. Various factors affecting the tissue cell growth such as hydrophilicity, electrostaticity and microporosity in a polymeric surface were studied. Kaetsu and coworkers studied the effects of various surfaces prepared by radiation... 

The equation (6) defines three factors, affecting on polymeric materials thermostability polymer chemical constitution, characterized by value Tm structure of polymeric meet, characterized by dimension Af and type (intensity) oxidant diffusion, connected with structure and characterized by exponent P [14]. 

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