Polyhydroxy compounds, defined

Figure 1. Generalized reactions of borate anion with polyhydroxy compounds (n=0 or 1). Ki and K2 are defined in this figure.

In summary, the reaction between an alkali metal alkoxide and a poly-hydroxy compound in hot alcoholic media produces an alcoholate and, possibly, a small proportion of alkoxide adduct however, the conditions governing the ratio of alcoholate to adduct have not yet been well defined. Reactions with alkali metal hydroxides and cyanides produce mixtures (of alcoholate and adduct) that consist mainly of alcoholate. Occurrence of reactions between alkaline-earth metal hydroxides and polyhydroxy compounds in anhydrous alcoholic media has not been reported. 

Surface Tension The surface tension of a liquid is defined as the force per unit length exerted in the plane of the liquid s surface [1,2]. Some authors use the symbol cr, others use y to represent the surface tension. The surface tension is expressed in dyncm-1. For most organic liquids, a is between 25 and 40 dyncm-1 at ambient temperatures. The surface tension of water is 72 dyncm-1 at 25°C. For polyhydroxy compounds, the surface tension ranges up to 65 dyncm-1. 

Boromycin, CitgH720i 5NB, contains boric acid held in a tetradentated complex with the aid of valine and a polyhydroxy-compound, C39H66O14, presumably a macrolide it constitutes a first naturally occurring, well-defined boron compound. ... 

Modern concepts of organic chemistry have provided interpretation and explanation for a variety of supposedly anomalous and unusual reactions of carbohydrate compounds. These concepts have often been derived from a study of relatively more simple substances in which there has been little complication resulting from interfering and conflicting factors. Consequently, direct application of these concepts to the more complex carbohydrate compounds without due consideration of alternative possibilities may result in oversimplification and a false picture. Despite such inherent hazards, it is believed that a useful purpose can be served by the correlation and discussion of the carbohydrate reactions with direct reference to analogous properties of simpler organic compounds. For this objective, we can define the acyclic forms of the aldoses as polyhydroxy-aldehydes, and their cyclic forms as polyhydroxy-cyclohemiacetals. In these compounds, besides the additive, inductive effect of the hydroxyl... 

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