Polyflactic acid

Photoengraving, 74 Photography, 122 cameras for, 47, 53 films foi 53-55, 127 wet plate collodion process in, 52 Photopolymers, 74, 76 Photoresists, 57, 74, 74-76 negative-working, 75 positive-working, 74-75 Photosynthesis, 40,178 Piezoelectric devices, 208 Piggyback markets, 197,198 PLA (polyflactic acid]), 187-188, 189, 200, 201... 

Garlotta, D.A. 2001. Literature review of polyflactic acid). Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 9 63-84. 

Vert, M., Polymers from fermentation. Polyflactic acid)s and their precursors, the lactic acids, Actualite Chimique, 11, 12, 79-82, 2002, (in French). 

PDT photodynamic therapy, MAbs monoclonal antibodies, PEG polyfethylene glycol), PLA polyflactic acid), HTCC N-(2-hydroxyl) propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride, RES reticuloendothelial system... 

Rasiel, A. et al., Phospholipid coated polyflactic acid) microspheres for the delivery of LHRH analogues, Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 2002, 13, 127-136. 

Biodegradable polymer blends of polyanhydrides and polyesters have been used as drug carriers [59], Polyflactic acid) (PLA), polyfhydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and poly(caprolactone) (PCL), of 2000 and 50000 molecular weights were mixed with poly(sebacic anhydride) (PSA), and the properties of these mixtures were studied. Mixtures of PHB and low molecular weight PLA or PCL formed uniform blends with various amounts of PSA. These blends possess different physical and mechanical properties compared to the parent polymers. The release rate of drugs from these polymeric blends increases with the increase in the content of the rapidly degrading component, PSA. 

As a raw material for the production of monomers used in the synthesis of polymers, to replace oil-derived chemicals, such as polyethylene which can be derived from ethanol obtained by fermentation of starch or of lactic acid, used in the production of polyflactic acid) (PLA) [38]. 

Starch is the major carbohydrate reserve in higher plants and has been one of the materials of choice since the early days of human technology. Recently, starch gained new importance as a raw material in the production of bioplastics, in particular for use in the synthesis of monomers to produce polymers such as polyflactic acid), and after chemical modification and thermomechanical processing, to produce the so-called thermoplastic starch. 

Verrecchia T, Spenlehauer G, Bazile DV, Murry-Brelier A, Archimbaud Y, Veillard M. Non-stealth (polyflactic acid/ albumin)) and stealth (polydactic acid-polyethylene glycol)) nanoparticles as injectable drug carriers. J Contr Rel 1995 36 49-61. 

Aliphatic polyesters Poly(L-lactic acid), poly(glycolic acid), PLGA co-pol3Tners Polyfglycolic acid), polyflactic acid), and their co-polymers are the most widely used synthetic degradable polymers in medicine. 

Polyfglycolic acid), polyflactic acid), and copolymers PolyOiydroxy butyrate)... 

Ibrahim, M.A., Ismail, A., Fetouh, M.I., Gopferich, A. Stability of insulin during the erosion of polyflactic acid) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres. J. Contr. Release, 106, 241, 2005. Owens, D.E., Peppas, N.A. Opsonization, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of polymeric nanoparticles. Int. J. Pharm., 307, 93, 2006. 

M., Tsuji, H., ed.), Polyflactic acid]. Synthesis, Structure, Properties, Processing, and Application, Wiley, New Jersey, Chapter 6, pp. 69-80. 

Figure 21.9 The biodegradable polyester family poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA), poly(hydroxybulyrate) (PHB), poly(hydro3qdiexanoate) (PHH), poly(hydrox3rvalerate] (PHV), polyflactic acid) (PLA), poly(caprolactone) fPCL), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(butylene succinate adipate) (PBSA), aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters (AAC), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(butylene adipate/terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(methylene adipate/terephthalate) (PTMAT). Adapted from [103].

M. Deng, et al.. Miscibility and in vitro osteocompatibility of biodegradable blends of poly[(ethyl alanato) (p-phenyl phenoxy) phosphazene] and polyflactic acid-glycolic acid). Biomaterials 29 (3) (2008) 337-349. 

Graupner, N., Herrmami, A.S., Mussig, J. Natural and man-made cellulose fibre-reinforced polyflactic acid) (PLA) composites An overview about mechanical characteristics and application areas. Compos. A 40, 810-821 (2009)... 

Effects of maleated-PLA compat-ibilizer on the properties of polyflactic acid)/halloysite clay composites. /. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater., 26, 1349-1363. 

Polymers in the group of polyesters, specifically the family of polyflactic acid) (PLA), polyfglycolic acid) (PGA), and copolymers of lactic and glycolic acids (PLGAs), as well as poly(P-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) most closely fulfilled the criteria outlined above, including biocompatibility, processability, and controlled degradation [8]. These polymers, many descendant of absorbable suture materials developed a couple of decades ago, were approved for in vivo use by the Food... 

Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Based on Nano-structured PolyfLactic Acid) 285... 

Laminate sheet of polyflactic acid)-based resin arrd thermoformed plastic corrtain nucleating agent, rramely aliphatic carboxyhc acid arrride. ... 

Figure 2.4 Weight average molar mass (M ) changes of the surface and interior of PLA50 during in vitro degradation. PLA, polyflactic acid).

Kasperczyk, J. E. Micro structure analysis of polyflactic acid) obtained by lithium tert-butoxide as initiator. Macromolecules 1995, 28, 3937-3939. 

Spinu, M. Jackson, C. Keating, M. Y. Gardner, K. H. Material design in polyflactic acid) systems Block copolymers, star homo- and copolymers, and stereocomplexes. J. Macromol. Sci, Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, A55,1497-1530. 

Tsuji, H. Ikada, Y. Stereocomplex formation between enantiomeric polyflactic acid)s. XI. Mechanical properties and morphology of solution-cast films. Polymer 1999,40, 6699-6708. 

S. J. Modi, Thesis Assessing the Feasibility ofPoly-(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Valerate) (PHBV) and PolyfLactic Acid) for Potential Food Packaging Applications, 2010. 

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