Polychlorinated biphenyls health effects

Miranda, C.L., M.C. Henderson, J.L. Wang, H.S. Nakaue, and D.R. Buhler. 1987. Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on porphyrin synthesis and cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases in small intestine and liver of Japanese quail. Jour. Toxicol. Environ. Health 20 27-35. 

Weisglas-Kuperus, N. et al., Immunologic effects of background exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins in Dutch preschool children, Environ. Health Perspect., 108, 1203, 2000. 

Human health effects, of polychlorinated biphenyls, 13 140-142 Human IgG (hlgG), detection of, 14 155, 156. See also Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). See also HIV entries Nevirapine entries inactivation of, 12 139 lactoferricins and, 18 258... 

Patandin S, Koopman-Esseboom C, de Riddr MA, et al. Effects of environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins on birth size and growth in Dutch children. Pedeatr Res 1998 44(4) 538-45.Kim HA, Kim EM, Park YC, et al. Immunotoxicological effects of Agent Orange exposure to the Vietnam War Korean veterans. Ind Health 2003 41(3) 158-66. 

For many, familiarity with the TSCA generally stems from its specific reference to polychlorinated biphenyls, which raise a vivid, deadly characterization of the harm caused by them. But the TSCA is not a statute that deals with a single chemical or chemical mixture or product. In fact, under the TSCA, the EPA is authorized to institute testing programs for various chemical substances that may enter the enviromnent. Under the TSCA s broad authorization, data on the production and use of various chemical substances and mixtures may be obtained to protect public health and the environment from the effects of harmful chemicals. In actuality, the TSCA supplements the appropriate sections dealing with toxic substances in other federal stamtes, such as the Clean Water Act (Section 307) and the Occupational Safety and Health Act (Section 6). 

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), CFCs, petroleum products, and dioxin are major toxic contaminants in air (Section 3.3.2), soil (Section 3.5.3), and also in water. The readers are referred to Sections 3.3.2 and 3.5.3 for details about PCB characteristics, health effects, treatment technologies, and so on. For water quality management, they have been included in the list of the USEPA priority pollutants [86]. 

Ouw HK, Simpson GR, Siyali DS Use and health effects of Arochlor 1242, a polychlorinated biphenyl, in an electrical industry Arch Environ Health 31 189-194, 1976... 

Maroni M et al Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in electrical workers. II. Health effects. Br J Ind Med 38 55-60, 1981... 

Kluwe WM, Herrmann CL, Hook JB. 1979. Effects of dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls on the renal and hepatic toxicities of several chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents in mice. J Toxicol Environ Health 5 605-615. 

Kimbrough RD. 1987. Human health effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs). Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 27 87-111. 

Borrell, L.N., P. Factor-Litvak, M.S. Wolff, E. Susser, and T.D. Matte. 2004. Effect of socioeconomic status on exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlordiphenyl-dichloroethylene (DDE) among pregnant African-American women. Arch. Environ. Health 59(5) 250-255. 

The Stockholm Convention is a global treaty committing the international community to protecting human health and the environment from the potentially harmful effects of POPs (UNEP Chemicals, 2005). The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has identified 12 most toxic POPs (the Dirty Dozen ) for control under the Convention, including 10 intentionally produced POPs pesticides/industrial chemicals (aldrin, chlordane, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mirex, toxaphene and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)) and two unintentionally produced POPs by-products (polychlorinated dibenzo-/ -dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)). In implementing the Convention, Parties to the Convention will take measures to restrict the trade, production and use of the intentional POPs and to reduce and, where possible, to ultimately eliminate the production and release of the unintentional POPs by-products. 

Guo, Y.L., Lmbert, G.H., Hsu, C.C., Hsu, M.M., 2004b. Yucheng Health effects of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 77, 153-158. 

Nicholson, W.J., Landrigan, P J., 1994. Human health effects of polychlorinated biphenyls. In Schecter, A. (Ed.), Dioxin and Health. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 487-525. 

Sher ES, Xu XM, Adams PM, Craft CM, Stein SA (1998) The effects of thyroid hormone level and action in developing brain Are these targets for the actions of polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins Toxicol Ind Health, 14 121-158. 

Rogan WJ, Gladen BC, McKinney JD, Carreras N, Hardy P, Thullen J, Tingelstad J, Tully M. 1986. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorophenyl dichloroethene (DDE) in human milk effects of maternal factors and previous lactation. Am J Public Health 76 172-177. 

Since accidental chemical spills occur occasionally, the effect of the heat-transfer fluid on the environment and health must be considered. Since the use of chemicals may be governed by laws, the process engineer must comply. In 1979, the EPA banned the use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) because of the concern over environmental contamination [12]. 

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