Polycaprolactone /poly vinyl chloride

Christensen, P.A., Egerton, T.A., Martins-Franchetti, S.M., Jin, C., White, J.R. Photodegradation of polycaprolactone/poly(vinyl chloride) blend. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 93, 305-309 (2008)... 

In an unpubhshed study, SPME and a 65p,m PDMS/DVB fiber were apphed for extraction of polystyrene (PS) thermo-oxidation products. As seen in Fig. 4, styrene monomer was the main compoimd migrating from the virgin material after low temperatme thermo-oxidation at 80 °C. After 20 weeks, new low molecular weight compoimds including toluene, ethyl benzene, benzaldehyde and acetophenone were also identified. Volatiles migrating from poly(vinyl chloride)/polycaprolactone-carbonate (PVC/PCL-PC) during thermo-oxidation were extracted by PDMS/DVB fiber [19]. The identified compounds included degradation products of PCL-PC, i.e.,... 

Hakkarainen [19,36] Poly(vinyl chloride)/ polycaprolactone-carbonate blend Thermo-oxidation, hydrolysis 6-Hydroxyhexanoic acid, caprolactone PDMS-DVB... 

Compatible Polyblends. When the polymeric materials are compatible in all ratios, and/or all are soluble in each other, they are generally termed polyalloys. Very few pairs of polymers are completely compatible. The best known example is the polyblend of polyCphenylene oxide) (poly-2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene oxide) with high-impact polystyrene (41). which is sold under the trade name of Noryl. It is believed that the two polymers have essentially identical solubility parameters. Other examples include blends of amorphous polycaprolactone with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and butadiene/acrylonitrile rubber with PVC the compatibility is a result of the "acid-base" interaction between the polar substituents (1 ). These compatible blends exhibit physical properties that are intermediate to those of the components. 

Poly(vinyl chloride) Polycaprolactone Poly(butadiene-< o-acrylonitrile) Chlorinated polyethylene Poly( ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)... 

Figure 4.25. (a) The mutual diffusion coefficient in the miscible polymer blend poly(vinyl chloride)-polycaprolactone (PVC-PCL) at 91 °C, as measured by x-ray microanalysis in the scanning electron microscope (Jones et al. 1986). The solid line is a fit assuming that the mutual diffusion coefficient is given by equation (4.4.11), with the composition dependence of the tracer diffusion coefficient of the PCL given by a combination of equations (4.4.9) and (4.4.10). The tracer diffusion coefficient of the PVC is assumed to be small in comparison, (b) The calculated profile of diffusion between pure PVC and pure PCL, on the basis of the concentration dependence of the mutual diffusion coefficient shown in (a). The reduced length u — where the... 

Karal, O., Hamarcu, E., Baysal, B.M., 1997. Blends of caprolactone — poly (dy imetylsiloxane) — polycaprolactone triblock copolymer with poly (vinyl chloride) preparation and characterization. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 38, 6071—6078. 

Figure 6.7a depicts the IDF profile from different compositions of melt-miscible crystalline/amorphous blends of PCL/PVC (i.e., polycaprolactone (PCL)/poly(vinyl chloride). The maxima and minima in the obtained IDF profile, and their deconvolution, provides an estimate of the long period, I (negative peak) and the thickness of crystalline (Ic) and amorphous layers (y as either li and (2 or vice-versa, as shown in Figure 6.7b. The entire IDF profile has been fitted to the superimposition of three peak contributions two positive peaks (corresponding to Ic and la) and one negative peak (L), assuming their Gaussian distribution.

As of now, theory is inadequate to make safe predictions concerning polymer miscibility. It has been suggested (15) that hydrogen bonding is responsible for the compatibility of poly(vinyl chloride) with polycaprolactone and the decrease in the carbonyl stretching frequency (16) is consistent with this interpretation. To account for the compatibility of polystyrene with poly(3,5-dimethvl p-phenylene oxide) is more difficult it may be due to an increasing packing efficiency in the blend (17). 

The theoretical analysis of self diffusion of long flexible chain molecules by de Gennes and by Doi and Edwards has stimulated much experimental testing of their predictions. Klein and Brisoe followed the diffusion of deuterated polyethylene into normal polyethylene by IR spectroscopy, Gilmore et al followed the diffusion of poly(vinyl chloride) in polycaprolactone by a combination of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and Shiah and Morawetz followed, by fluorescence techniques, the self diffusion of naphthalene donor and pyrene acceptor labelled polymers. 

It follows from the above equation that investigations similar to those performed with SAN S would also be possible using SAXS, if there is sufficient contrast between the polymer components. This condition is achieved only when one of the blend components contains heavy atoms. For example, SAXS has been used to study blends of polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) [90] and poly(2data analysis in terms of Eq. (5.23) made it possible to extract values of correlation length. Tran-Cong et al. [91] have also determined the spinodal temperature from their data, as a function of blend composition, by exploiting the linear dependence of l/ versus 1/T and extrapolating to zero. 

Draw the structural formula (one repeating unit) for each of the following polymers (a) poly(4-methylpent-l-ene) (b) poly(chlorotri uoroethylene) (c) poly(vinyl ethyl ether) (d) poly(vinylidene chloride) (e) polyethyleneimine (f) poly(methyl-2-cyano-acrylate) (g) polychloroprene (h) poly(buty-leneterephthalate) (i) poly(l,2-propylene oxalate) (j) poly(dihydroxymethylcyclohexyl terephthalate) (k) poly-caprolactam (nylon-6) (1) polyformaldehyde (m) poly-oxymethylene (n) poly(propylene oxide) (o) poly (propylene glycol) (p) poly(p-phenylene sulfone) (q) poly(dimethyl siloxane) (r) poly (vinyl butyral) (s) poly (p-phenylene) (t) poly(p-xylylene) (u) polycaprolactone... 

There are various routes to vinyl macromonomers [Gnanou and Taton, 2002]. For example, the reaction of an HO-terminated polymer such as polysiloxane, polycaprolactone, or poly-tetrahydrofuran with acryloyl chloride... 

---