Polyacrylic acid fibres

Figure 11.15 Cation-exchange micro-LC analysis of a mixture of model proteins (a) the original sample consisting of myoglobin (M), cytochrome C (C) and lysozyme (L) (b) and (c) proteins adsorbed on to and then released from the polyacrylic acid coated fibre with extraction times of 5 and 240 s, respectively. Reprinted from Journal of Microcolumn Separations, 8, J.-L. Liao et al., Solid phase micro extraction of biopolymers, exemplified with adsorption of basic proteins onto a fiber coated with polyacryfic acid, pp. 1-4, 1996, with permission from John Wiley Sons, New York.

When making very dehcate materials it may be necessary to use a yam which is so fine that it would break down under the stresses imposed on it during manufacture. The strength, however, is sufficient once the fabric is made because of the mutual support of adjacent threads. In such cases it is customary to impart temporary strength to the yam by a process known as sizing. This consists of impregnating the thread with some easily removed substance such as starch or dextrine and, in the case of the more modern man-made fibres, with a synthetic product such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylic acid. The size is usually removed before the article is dyed or bleached. Yarns are frequently referred to as warp or weft yarns. In a... 

Other applications of FTIR in microstructural analysis of homopolymers include 1,4-diazophenylene - bridged Cu-phthalocyanine [63], isobornyl methacrylate [64], polypropylene [65, 66], polyaniline [67, 68], polycaprolactone [69], viscose fibres [70], Kevlar [71], polystyrene sulfonic acid [66, 72], syndiotactic polystyrene [73], isotactic polypropylene [66,74,75], polyurethane [76], PMMA [75, 77], poljmrethane ether [78], PE [79-80], fluorinated acrylates [81], rigid PU [82], N-(2-biphenyl)4-(2 phenylethynyljphthalamide [83], polyacrylic acid [84], polysodium styrene sulfonate [84], and polyacrylic acid [85]. 

HPLC solvents (PDMS-coated fibres are incompatible with hexane). PDMS fibres are more selective towards nonpolar compounds and polyacrylate fibres towards polar compounds such as acids, alcohols, phenols and aldehydes. Another feature of SPME fibre selectivity is discrimination towards high-MW volatiles. SPME has successfully been applied to the analysis of both polar and nonpolar analytes from solid, liquid or gas phases. Li and Weber [533] have addressed the issue of selectivity in SPME. 

In-fibre derivatisation/SPME has been reported for the analysis of polar analytes. Derivatisation allows target analytes to be converted to less polar and more volatile species prior to GC analysis. In-fibre derivatisation with diazomethane was applied to long-chain (Ci6, Cig) fatty acids in aqueous solutions. Initially, the polyacrylate fibre was placed in an aqueous sample containing the fatty acids. After sufficient extraction time,... 

Polymers based on acrylic acid are highly hydrophilic and are utilized in different applications that include superadsorbent materials, flocculants and dispersants. Polyacrylates and their copolymers range from soft and flexible materials to hard plastics, applied in the production of coatings, paints, binders and adhesives. Their applications include the manufacture of cars e.g., coatings, upholsteries and adhesives) and the textile e.g., binders for fiberfill and nonwoven fabrics), paper and leather industries. Methyl acrylate is mainly utilized for copolymerization with acrylonitrile to improve the dyeability of fibres. 

In principle, this method uses a fiber coated with an adsorbent that can extract organic compounds Irom the headspace above a liquid or solid sample. Extracted compounds are desorbed upon exposure of the SPME fiber in the heated injector port of a gas chromatograph (GC). SPME was carried out with a CTC Combi Pal system autoinjector at 70°C for 60 min using a fibre with an 85 pm polyacrylate coating. SPME sampling was done in the headspace above the surface of 5 ml diluted, acetate-buffered urine (containing 2 ml urine 2.5 ml water 0.5 ml 2 M acetate-buffer, pH 4.8 1.83 g NaCI, and 2 pg undecanoic acid as internal standard) in 20 ml headspace vials (Shimadzu). 

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