Poly PPEs

Newer developments involve poly(4-methyl-l-pentene) (TPX), PS or PPE blends, and block copolymers. 

Postpolycondensation. See Solid-state postpolycondensation Potassium carbonate process, poly(arylene ether sulfone) synthesis via, 339 Pot life, 232 Powder coatings, 240 PPE. See Personal protective equipment (PPE)... 

Various techniques have been used for the determination of oligomers, including GC [135], HPLC [136-138], TLC for polystyrene and poly a-methyl-styrene [139] and SEC for polyesters [140,141]. GC and PyGC-MS can also profitably be used for the analysis of the compositions of volatile products formed using different flame retardants (FRs). Takeda [142] reported that volumes and compositions of the volatile products and morphology of the char were affected by FRs, polymers (PC, PPE, PBT) and their reactions from 300... 

Attractive interactions are also the reason for the self-assembly of PS-fo-PB-fo-PMMA at the interface of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile), SAN, and poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene ether), PPE. In this blend, PS and PPE are miscible on one side and PMMA and SAN are miscible on the other one, with negative / parameters. This blend, in which the rubbery domain is located at the interface between SAN/PMMA and PPE/PS, was originally prepared by coprecipitation of all components from a common solution [195]. From a processing point of view, in this system the difficulty was to get the dispersion of PPE in SAN via melt mixing of SAN, PPE and the triblock terpolymer. 

Scheme 1. Chemical Structures of some important linear n-conjugated polymers. Polyenes 1, poly-ynes 2, polyenynes 3, poly(p-phenylene)s (PPP) 4, polyphenylenevinylenes (PPV) 5, polyphenyleneethynylenes (PPE) 6.

R Fiesel and U Scherf, A chiral poly(para-phenyleneethynylene) (PPE) derivative, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 19 427-431, 1998. 

Nakagome and co-workers effected the successful cyclization of N-ethyl-N-arylaminomethylenemalonates (749) in poly phosphoric acid, prepared from orthophosphoric acid and phosphorus pentoxide in polyphosphate ester (PPE), prepared from phosphorus pentoxide and anhydrous diethyl ether in chloroform in phosphoryl chloride on the action of boron trifluoride etherate on the action of acetic anhydride and concentrated sulfuric acid or on the action of phosphorus pentoxide in benzene [71GEP2033971, 71JHC357 76JAP(K) 18440]. Depending on the work-up process, l-ethyl-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylates (750, R1 = Et), l-ethyl-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids (750, R2 = H) and 3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-chloroquinolinium iodides (751) were obtained. Only the cyclization of... 

Poly(phenylene oxide) PPO, or poly(phenylene ether) PPE, is an engineering polymer developed by General Electric. It concerns the oxidative coupling of phenols discovered in 1956 by Allan S. Hay [21], Oxidative coupling leads to the formation of carbon-oxygen bonds between carbon atoms 2,4, and 6 and the phenolic oxygen atom. To avoid coupling with carbon atoms 2 and 6, alkyl substituents at these two positions were introduced. In addition to the polymer a 4,4 dimer is formed, named diphenoquinone (DPQ). The... 

ISO 15103-1 2000 Plastics - Poly(phenylene ether) (PPE) moulding and extrusion materials -Part 1 Designation system and basis for specifications ISO 15103-2 2000 Plastics - Poly(phenylene ether) (PPE) moulding and extrusion materials -Part 2 Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties... 

Poly(phenylene-ethynylene) Poly(phenylene-vinylene [PPE] [PPV]... 

Fig. 2 Schematic representation of the doping of poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) under formation of polarons (radical cations, radical anions) and bipolarons (dications, dianions). Note that multiple carriers can coexist on each macromolecule...

A pioneering study of the electrical conductivity of poly(2,5-dibutoxy-p-phenylene ethynylene), a fully soluble PPE derivative, was conducted by the groups of Shinar and Barton (Table 1, entry 3) [38]. The polymer employed displayed a band gap. Eg, of 2.5 eV, which is typical for 2,5-dialkyloxy-PPEs. A conductivity of 10 Scm was reported for the undoped polymer. This value was later confirmed in an independent study by Lo Sterzo et al.,who reported a conductivity of 4-10 Scm for the same polymer [39]. It was reported that upon exposure to I2 vapor at a pressure of 1 Torr, the room-temperature conductivity of poly(2,5-dibutoxy-p-phenylene ethynylene) increased by about three orders of magnitude to 10 Scm [38]. It increased further and imme-... 

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