Poly 1,4-phenylenevinylene

J. I. Jin, Y. H. Lee, H. K. Shim, Synthesis and characterization of poly(2-methoxy-5-nitro-l, 4-pheny lenevinylene) and poly( 1,4-phenylenevinylene-co-2-methoxy-5-nitro-l,4-phenylenevinylene)s, Macromolecules 1993, 26, 1805. 

ConticeUo, V.P., Gin, D.L., and Grubbs, R.H. (1992) Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of substituted bieyelo [2.2.2]octadienes a new precursor route to poly (1,4-phenylenevinylene). Journal of the American Chemical Society, 114,9708. 

A. Greiner and W. Heitz, New synthetic approach to poly( 1,4-phenylenevinylene) and its derivatives by palladium catalyzed arylation of ethylene, Macromol. Chem., Rapid Commun. 9 581 (1988). 

Poly(phenylenethylene), dendronized, 522 Poly(phenylenevinylene) optically active, 510-511 synthesis of, 495-496 Poly(/ ara-phenylenevinylene)s, 472 Polypheny lquinoxaline (PPQ) hyperbranched, 312-314 synthesis of, 309-313 Polyphosphoric acid, 333 Polypropylene oxide) polyol, 223 Polypropylene polyols, 220 Poly (pyridine), synthesis of, 503-505 Polyquinoxaline (PQ), synthesis of, 309-313... 

In 1993, Scherf and Chmil described the first synthesis of a ladder-type poly(pflra-phenylene-czs-vinylene) (116) [138]. On the one hand, ladder polymer 116 represents, a planar poly(phenylene) containing additional vinylene bridges on the other hand, it is a poly(phenylenevinylene) with aryl-aryl linkages in the polymeric main chain. The target macromolecules, as fully aromatic ladder polymers, are composed of all-carbon six-membered rings in the double-stranded main chain (an example of angularly annelated poly(acene)s). 

M Jandke, P Strohriegl, J Gmeiner, W Brutting, and M Schwoerer, Polarized electroluminescence from rubbing-aligned poly(phenylenevinylene), Adv. Mater., 11 1518-1521, 1999. 

CDT, based in Cambridge, U.K., was founded after initial work done at the Cambridge University. Researchers in Cambridge discovered that poly(/>-phenylenevinylene) (PPV, Figure 11.16) and its derivatives can be used as emitters to construct OLEDs, which were the first examples of PLEDs [4], The invention has brought flat-panel displays to the verge of commercialization. 

Dwight SJ, Gaylord BS, Hong JW, Bazan GC (2004) Perturbation of fluorescence by nonspecific interactions between anionic poly(phenylenevinylene)s and proteins implications for biosensors. J Am Chem Soc 126 16850-16859... 

Poly(phenylenevinylene) derivatives are amongst the most studied as far as carbon nanotubes are concerned. They helically envelop the CNT sidewalls resulting in formation of composites with greatly enhanced conductivity with applications in optoelectronics [56]. 

Poly(acetylenes) [16], poly(diacetylenes) [17], poly(phenylenes) [18] and poly(phenylenevinylenes) [19] have been proposed as main chains. The new molecular design that has to be developed now concerns the question of where to place the open-shell centres on the pendents in the side chains of the polymers (Iwamura, 1987, 1988 Iwamura and Murata, 1989 Murata et a/., 1987 Ovchinnikov, 1978 Tyutyulkov et al., 1985 Yamaguchi et al., 1987). 

In this section, the basic features of light absorption and emission (luminescence) processes in conjugated systems are reviewed. The discussion will focus on poly(/>-phenylenevinylene), PPV, compounds, which provide typical examples of the physical phenomena to be highlighted in the context of polymer-based light emitting devices. 

Note that, upon examination of the AMI linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) coefficients for the two aluminum on poly(/>-phenylenevinylene) systems, the highest occupied molecular orbitals are localized in character. The HOMO and HOMO-1 levels are almost totally localized to the aluminum atoms and to the carbon atoms within the moieties to which the aluminum atoms are attached. The conjugation within the frontier orbitals is thus totally lost... 

The area of molecular nonlinear optics has been rejuvenated by efforts to investigate three-dimensional multipolar systems, functionalized polymers as optoelectronic materials, near infrared optical parametric oscillators and related aspects.71 There have been some advances in chromophore design for second-order nonlinear optical materials 72 these include onedimensional CT molecules, octopolar compounds and organometallics. Some of the polydiacetylenes and poly(/>-phenylenevinylene)s appear to possess the required properties for use as third-order nonlinear optical materials for photonic switching.73... 

Figure 180 The range (Ze) of electrons (right ordinate) and the recombination probability [P ] for electrons (left ordinate). A comparison between the theoretical predictions according to Eqs. (153) and (328) (lines) and experiment (data points) shows good agreement for the electron mobility jie = 3.3 x 10-8 cm2/V s (a). Schematic cross-section of the EL device and monitoring of emission from two different emitters (PSu + TSA)—a blend of polysulfone (PSu) and tris(stilbene)amine(TSA), and PPV-poly(phenylenevinylene). Their thicknesses (dly d2) are subject to variation, d0 is the quenching zone of excitations by the Ca cathode (b). Adapted from Ref. 344.

The first reports of electroluminescence from an organic polymer failed to attract much attention. However, the report of electroluminescence from poly(/>-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) by researchers from the Cavendish laboratory in Cambridge, and later from a related derivative by researchers from... 

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