Poly p-phenylenediamine

Poly(p-phenylenediamine-co-pyromellitic dianhydride) Poly[2-(3-phenyl-3-methylcyclobutyl)-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co- 440... 

Poly-jp- Phenylenediamine) - (2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone)) Complex (Poly-(p- Phenylenediamine) - (2,5- Cyclohexa--diene Dimalononitrile)) Complex (Poly-(p- Phenylenediamine) - Ethenetetracarbonitrile) Complex... 

Table 1. Second virial coefficient of poly(p-phenylenediamine-co-pyromelUtic dianhydride).

Poly(p-phenylenediamine)(PpPD)/Fe304 composites were prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization of pPD monomer with APS and FefNOsls as oxidizing agents [82]. The Fe was partly reduced to Fe allowing the formation of the magnetite nanoparticles. 

Yang S, Liu D, Liao F et al (2012) Synthesis, characterization, mraphology control of poly (p-phenylenediamine)-Fe304 magnetic micro-composite and their application for the removal of Ct2072—from water. Synth Met 162 2329-2336... 

Baghayeri M, Nazarzadeh Zare E, Mansour Lakouraj M (2014) A simple hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on a novel electro-magnetic poly(p-phenylenediamine) Ee304 nanocomposite. Biosens Bioelectron 55 259-265... 

In 1973 Du Pont commenced production of another aromatic polytunide fibre, a poly-(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) marketed as Kevlar. It is produced by the fourth method of polyamide production listed in the introductory section of this chapter, namely the reaction of a diamine with a diacid chloride. Specifically, p-phenylenediamine is treated with terephthalyl chloride in a mixture of hexamethylphosphoramide and V-methylpyrrolidone (2 1) at -10°C Figure 18.32). 

Fig. 18. Electronic absorption spectra of a poly(schiff base) obtained by polycondensation of 4,4 -diacetyldiphenyl sulfide and p-phenylenediamine (1) and of its complex with iodine (2)...

For example, using hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene as the binder, RDX as the expl, toluenediisocyanate as a co-polymer, sym-di-(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine as an antioxidant, and poly butene as the plasticizer in a wt % ratio of 12.1/42.7/5/0.2/40, a castable expl is produced. 

Plasticiser/oil in rubber is usually determined by solvent extraction (ISO 1407) and FTIR identification [57] TGA can usually provide good quantifications of plasticiser contents. Antidegradants in rubber compounds may be determined by HS-GC-MS for volatile species (e.g. BHT, IPPD), but usually solvent extraction is required, followed by GC-MS, HPLC, UV or DP-MS analysis. Since cross-linked rubbers are insoluble, more complex extraction procedures must be carried out. The determination of antioxidants in rubbers by means of HPLC and TLC has been reviewed [58], The TLC technique for antidegradants in rubbers is described in ASTM D 3156 and ISO 4645.2 (1984). Direct probe EIMS was also used to analyse antioxidants (hindered phenols and aromatic amines) in rubber extracts [59]. ISO 11089 (1997) deals with the determination of /V-phenyl-/9-naphthylamine and poly-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMDQ) as well as other generic types of antiozonants such as IV-alkyl-AL-phenyl-p-phenylenediamines (e.g. IPPD and 6PPD) and A-aryl-AL-aryl-p-phenylenediamines (e.g. DPPD), by means of HPLC. 

C. Malitesta, F. Palmisano, L. Torsi, and P. Zambonin, Glucose fast-response amperometric sensor based on glucose oxidase immobilized in an electropolymerized poly(o-phenylenediamine) film. Anal. Chem. 

Poly(enaminoamide)-type polymers (192) were obtained in 89-97% yields when 1 1 mixtures of diamine (4,4 -methyIenediphenyldiamine,p-phenylenediamine, or o-phenylenediamine) and EMME were heated in the presence of a solvent (N-methylpyrrolidone, trifluoroacetic acid, or m-cresol) or in the melt at 155-195°C under nitrogen for 2-12 hr (78MI2). 

Aromatic polyimides are synthesized by the reactions of dianhydrides with diamines, for example, the polymerization of pyromellitic anhydride with p-phenylenediamine to form poly(pyromeUitimido-l,4-phenylene) (XLV) [de Abajo, 1988, 1999 Hergenrother, 1987 Johnston et al., 1987 Maier, 2001]. Solubility considerations sometimes result in using the half acid-half ester of the dianhydride instead of the dianhydride. 

As reported, by polycondensation of dicarboxylic acids with diamines or by polycondensation of aminoacids in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymers with very high molecular weight were obtained. The viscosities of poly(terephthalamides) prepared by template polymerization in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone from p-phenylenediamine and 4,4 -diaminodiphenylosulfone and of poly(m-benzamid) are very high. Also, polypeptides with molecular weight of 20-30 thousands were obtained by template polymerization in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone ... 

Research Focus Preparation of poly acrylate viscosity improvers containing grafted iV-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine as an antioxidant. 

The electrostatic effect of the poly(4-vinylpyridine)-Cu(II) catalyst was also reported by Dadze et al. 115). Oxidation of ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, and tri-t-butylphenol was accelerated and that of p-phenylenediamine retarded by the poly(4-vinylpyridine) ligand at lower pH. As described in Section IIIA, a polymer-metal complex behaves as a polycation in aqueous solution, and the reaction is sensitive to the charge of low-molecular-weight species. The electrostatic effect due to the polycationic domain of a polymermetal catalyst is also predominant in the oxidation of charged substrates. 

Applications of the Conrad-Limpach reaction to the synthesis of 1-hydroxy-4,7-phenanthrolines or, more correctly, l-oxo-l,4-dihydro-4,7-phenanthrolines, from p-phenylenediamine or 6-aminoquinolines continue to be reported. l,10-Dihydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-4,7-phenanthroline has again been prepared from p-phenylenediamine,234 hot diphenyl ether being used to effect the cyclization. Other examples include the new or improved preparations of l-hydroxy-3-methyl-, 10-amino-l-hydroxy-3-methyl-,232 2-(y-chlorocrotonyl)- l,10-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-, and 2,9-bis (y- chlorocrotonyl)-1,10- dihydroxy - 3,8 - dimethyl - 4,7 - phenanthro-lines.235 Compounds prepared in this way have been patented as antiasthmatic agents.178 A closely related synthesis employing poly-phosphoric acid as cyclizing agent has yielded l-hydroxy-3-phenyl-4,7-phenanthroline.236... 

Kawahara et al. 95 fabricated an aromatic poly(amide imide sulfonamide) reverse osmosis membrane 36 from N-4 -chlorosulfonylphthalimide and p-phenylenediamine. 

M.J. Lobo Castanon, A.J. Miranda Ordieres and P. Tunon Blanco, Amperometric detection of ethanol with poly-(o-phenylenediamine)-modified enzyme electrodes, Biosens. Bioelectron., 12(6) (1997) 511-520. 

Although rigid-rod poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) analogues having alkyl side chains did not contain cyclic polymers, the polycondensation of silylated m-phenylenediamine and aliphatic dicarboxyhc acid chloride afforded cyclic polyamides predominantly (Scheme 49) [187]. Furthermore, cyclic polymers were also produced in polycondensations for polyesters, poly(ether ketone)s, polyimides, and polyurethanes [183]. These examples are the products in polycondensation of AB monomers or in A2 + B2 polycondensations, but cyclization of oligomer and polymer was also confirmed in polycondensation of AB2 monomers [ 188-195] and in A2 + B3 [ 196-202] and A2 + B4 polycondensations [203-206], which afford hyperbranched polymers. 

Polymeric Catalysts such as porphirin-containing poly-(L-phenylalanine)-Fe(III) complex in the dehydrogenation of p-phenylenediamine (132), poly(L-lysine)-protoporphirin Fe(III)-4,4 -dipyridyl complex in the oxidation of cytochrome (133), poly(L-lysine)-Cu(II) complex in the hydrolysis of oligophosphate (134), and poly(L-lysine)-Cu(II) complex in the oxidation of 3,4-dioxyphenylalanine and in the hydrolysis of phenylalanine (135-137) have their own structures. 

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