Poly p-Dioxanone PPDO

Biodegradable polymers can be classified into three categories according to their origin (i) synthetic polymers, particularly aUphatic polyesters, such as poly (L-lactide) (PLA) [1-3], poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) [4—6], poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) [7-9], and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) [10-12] (ii) polyesters produced by microorganisms, which mainly correspond to different poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s (e.g., poly(P-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)) and (iii) polymers derived from natural resources (e.g., starch, cellulose, chitin, chitosan, lignin, and proteins). 

Abstract A review is presented of the main types of bioresorbable or bioabsorbable materials used in medical applications such as drug delivery. Groups discussed include aliphatic polyesters, polyanhydrides, poly(ortho esters) (POE), polyphosphazenes, poly(amino acids) and pseudo poly(amino acids), polyalkylcyanoacrylates, poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), poloxamers, poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). 

Polyipropylene fumarate) (PPF), poloxamers, poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)... 

Poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) is an aliphatic poly(ether ester) (Domb et al.. 

Poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO), one of the biodegradable and biocompatible aliphatic polyesters, has high flexibility, good tensile strength and mechanical properties. Due to its good biocompatibility and physical properties, PPDO has been considered as a candidate not only for medical uses but also for universal uses such as films, molded products, laminates, foams, non-woven materials,... 

In this section, the structure, preparation, miscibility and properties of different polymer blends based on biodegradable polyesters are reviewed. Polylactide-based blends are first revisited and discussed, and the miscibility behaviors of other commercially available biopolymers of great interest such as poly(E-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) and polyglyco-lide (PGA) are briefly reviewed. Finally, Appendix 2.A provides a brief outline of the investigations used to develop the miscibility study presented here. In this recap, it is possible to find the chemical structures of the polymers and their solubility parameters, and also some brief comments summarizing the research studies. 

The microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerization of poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) from the monomer p-dioxanone (PDO) was observed by Li et al. (2006), with constant microwave power (90, 180, 270 and 360 W) and temperature maintained at 158 to 198°C. The polymerization at 270 W for 25 min using Sn(Oct)j as a catalyst gave 63% yield of PPDO with a viscosity-average molecular weight (Mv) of 156,000 g/mol. It was observed that time for polymerization was 14 h in conventional polymerization method. 

Rg.19 Chemical structures of thermoplastic SMPs. (a) Aliphatic polyetherurethane TFX, which is prepared from methylene bis(p-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (H12 MDI), 1,4-butanediol (BD), and poly(tetramethylene glycol) (PTMG). (b) Multiblock copolymer PDC prepared from PPDO-diol, poly(p-dioxanone-diol) TMDl, 2,2(4),4-trimethylhexanediisocyanate PCL-diol, poly(f-caprolactone-diol). Reprinted by permission from ref. [85]. Copyright 2006, Nationtil Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 

Bhattarai et al. developed a novel biodegradable electrospun membrane as a scaffold for tissue engineering. A nanofibrous matrix of poly(p-dioxanone-co-L-lactide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PPDO/PLLA-b-PEG) copolymer was evaluated for cell proliferation and its morphology of cell-matrix interaction. The electrospun structure composed of fibers with an average diameter of 380 nm, medium pore size 8 mm, porosity greater than 80% and mechanical strength of 1.4 MPa is favorable for cell-matrix interaction [39]. 

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