Poly cytidylic acid

Kakiuchi, N., Marck, C., Rousseau, N., Leng, M., De Clerq, E. and Guschlbauer, W. (1982) Polynucleotide helix geometry and stability. Spectroscopic, antigenic and interferon-inducing properties of deoxyribose-, ribose-, or 2 -deoxy-2 -fluororibose-containing duplexes of poly(inosinic acid), poly(cytidylic acid). J. Biol. Chem., 257, 1924-1928. 

Kadowaki, N., Antonenko, S. and Liu, Y.J. (2001) Distinct CpG DNA and polyinosinic-poly-cytidylic acid double-stranded RNA, respectively, stimulate CD he- type 2 dendritic cell precursors and CD1 lc+ dendritic cells to produce type IIFN. J. Immunol., 166,2291-2295. 

Due to the toxicity of the co-(cyclopolymer) 8, the capability of interferon induction of a great number of polymers has been tested. Thus, interferon is formed by the presence of natural double helix RNA, which occurs in some viruses (Reo-viruses), but also by the synthetically produced complex (40) from poly(inosinic acid) and poly(cytidylic acid) (1 1). An improved and extended interferon induction of such poly(nucleic acid)s can be achieved by complexing with synthetic polycations, as for example diethylaminodextrane (41) or with a polycation (42) of composition 9. 

Poly(U) = poly(uridylic acid), poly(A) = poly(adenylic acid), poly(C) = poly(cytidylic acid), poly(G) = poly(guanylic acid), poly(I) = poly(inosinic acid), poly(iA) = poly(isoadenylic acid), poly(VA) - poly(9-vinyladenine), poly(VC) = poly(l-vinylcytosine), poly(VU) = poly(9-vinyluracil), poly(VHX) = poly(9-vinylhypoxanthine)... 

De Clercq, E., Stollar, B. D., Hobbs, J., et al. (1980) Interferon induction by two 2 -modi(icd double-helical RNAs, poly(2 -nuoro-2 -deoxymosimc acid) poly(cytidylic acid) and poly(2 -chloro-2 -deoxyinosinic acid) poly(cytidylic acid). Ear. J. Biochem., 107, 279-288. 

Miles (1968) has presented data for the interaction between 5 -GMP and poly-cytidylic acid, and has discussed the use of 5 -GMP-6- 0 to assign a band at 1685 cm to a guanine carbonyl in 5 -GMP-6- 0, since the 1685 cm band was the only one to decrease in frequency upon 6- 0 substitution of GMP. He also discussed the melting curves of a poly U-6-methylamino-9-methylpurine complex, and a poly UC (30/70)-adenosine complex. In this paper he has described cells, temperature controls, spectroscopic instrumentation and conditions, and experimental procedures used throughout most of the work discussed in this section on Aqueous Solutions. 

Poly(inosinic acid) (periodate oxidized) (23) Hybridization with poly(cytidylic acid) for the interaction with cells and the production of interferon 91... 

Theoretically, it may be possible to artificially increase the production of interferon by the action of an inducer. Synthetic double-stranded ribonucleotide polymers, in particular the double-helical complex of polyinosinic acid with poly-cytidylic acid RNA (poly IC) are used in this way These agents activate the synthesis of interferon. They increase the resistance to viruses of cells m culture, and promote recovery in rabbits suffering from herpetic eye infection. This type of activity is an important prospect in the field of antiviral therapy. 

The interferon inducer and immune modulator, poly(ino-sinic)-poly(cytidylic) acid, complexed with poly(lysine) and carboxymethyl cellulose, poly(ICLC) was administered i.m., plus AZT, orally to patients with advanced AIDS. The purpose of this part of the study was to evaluate the safety of the treatment in such a series of patients, to test for toxic effects, and to see if there were any alterations in some of the subsets of lymphocytes. There did not appear to be any significant clinical or laboratory indications of toxicity. The disease was not worsened by the treatment. There were transient boosts in a number of immune parameters, such as NK cell activity, T4 and T8 cells, and the expression of DR antigens on both B and T lymphocytes. These data will be used in the next phase of the study to determine a rational dose and time schedule to maximize effectiveness. 

Water soluble nucleic acid analogs were prepared by grafting uracil, thymine, 5-fluorouracil, hypoxanthine, cytosine, and adenine derivatives containing a hydroxy group onto linear poly(ethyleneimine). These polymers contained about 90 unit% of the nucleic acid bases, and were easily soluble in water at neutral pH resign. The analogs were found to form complementary polymer complexes with each other and with polynucleotides. The interaction study was made on these polymers, and with polynucleotides poly(uridylic acid) poly(U), poly(adenylic acid) poly(A), poly(inosinic acid) poly(I) and poly(cytidylic acid) poly(C) in water. They were found to form polymer complexes with polynucleotide by specific base-base interaction in aqueous solution. 

Steinberg, A. D., Baron, S., Talal, N. The pathogenesis of autoimmunity in New Zealand mice. I. Induction of antinucleic acid antibodies by polyinosinic-poly-cytidylic acid. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 63, 1102-1107 (1969). 

Homopolymer, complex with 5 -cytidylic acid polymer with 5 -uridylic acid (1 1) AmpUgen. Oragen. Poly (I) Poly (CuV)... 

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