Poly-1-butene solubility

Radiation Degradation and Film Solubility Rates of Poly(butene-l-sulfone)... 

It was noted also that satisfactory compatibilization could be achieved by local miscibility (given by solubility parameters) rather than direct matching of the chemical and macro-molecular composition. This may require the copolymer to have several components, such as poly(styrene-co-ethylene)-b-poly(butene-co-styrene) (SEES), which has been found useful in compatibilization of HDPE and PET (Bonner and Hope, 1993). 

Ouano, A study of the dissolution rate of irradiated poly (methyl methacrylate), Polym. Eng. Sci. 18, 306 (1978) L.E. Stillwagon, Radiation degradation and film solubility rates of poly(butene 1 sulfone), Org. Coat. Plast. Chem. 43, 236 (1980). 

The potential of microemulsions for organometaUic-catalyzed hydrogenations in water/scC02 biphasic systems has been assessed using the rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenation of styrene as a common test reaction [Eq. (7)] [31]. The water-soluble Wilkinson complex [RhCl(TPPTS)3] was applied as catalyst precursor together with anionic perfluoropolyether carboxylates, cationic Lodyne A, or nonionic poly-(butene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) surfactants. The interfacial tension is small in the presence of the supercritical fluid and small amounts of surfactant (0.1-2.0 wt.%) suffice to form stable microemulsions. The droplet diameter of the microemulsions varied between 0.5 and 15 pm and a surface area of up to 10 m was obtained. 

Soluble poly(l-butylperylene) (58) was prepared in very high yields by Anton and Mullen [70] who used the procedure of Taylor [71], which involves the oxidative coupling of bis-Grignard reagents with as-l,4-dichloro-2-butene as an oxidant. The products contain 4,9- and 4,10-perylenylene moieties, are fully soluble and possess average degrees of polymerization of ca. 22. 

The principal polyolefins are low-density polyethylene (ldpe), high-density polyethylene (hope), linear low-density polyethylene (lldpe), polypropylene (PP), polyisobutylene (PIB), poly-1-butene (PB), copolymers of ethylene and propylene (EP), and proprietary copolymers of ethylene and alpha olefins. Since all these polymers are aliphatic hydrocarbons, the amorphous polymers are soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents with similar solubility parameters. Like other alkanes, they are resistant to attack by most ionic and most polar chemicals their usual reactions are limited to combustion, chemical oxidation, chlorination, nitration, and free-radical reactions. 

The reactivity is lower. In contrast to isotactic polypropene isotactic poly(1-butene) is soluble in boiling heptane despite the ethyl side group. Poly(l-butene) is produced in suspension, solution, or in liquid-1-butene. Because of the lower activity of the catalyst, the polymer usually has to be purified by a number of washing steps from catalyst residues. 

Also soluble catalyst based on ethene bis(indenyl)zirconium dichloride/methylalu-minoxane can be used [519]. The C-NMR spectroscopically measured isotacticity is in excess of 97%, the molecular weight low (44 000), and the crystallinity 66.9%. Similar to polypropene poly(l-butene) crystallizes in four different modifications [520]. To influence the crystallinity, 1-butene was copolymerized with ethene or propene [521,522] or compounded [523,524]. Poly(l-butene) shows very good stability against stress, corrosion, cracking and is therefore used for pressure tubes. 

Table 1. Solubility parameter of poly(l-butene), isotactie. ...

Solubility parameter of poly[styrene-b-(l-butene-eo-ethylene)-b-styrene]... 

Figure 12 shows the results for the modeling of the solubility of the copolymer poly(ethylene-co-l-butene) in propane. The pure-component parameters for poly (ethylene) (HOPE), poly(l-butene), and propane as well as the binary parameters for HDPE/propane and poly(l-butene)/propane were used as determined for the homopolymer systems. 

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