Poly amide s

Soy based bio-plastics have been prepared by cooking with a plasticizer and blending with a biodegradable poly(ester amide) (94). The biocomposites thus prepared were blended with chopped industrial hemp fiber via twin screw extrusion and also by an injection molding process. 

The tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, the impact strength and the heat deflection temperature of the fiber reinforced biocomposites were foimd to be significantly improved. 

In addition, the fracture surfaces showed no traces of the matrix resin on the fiber surface. This suggests a rather poor interfadal adhesion (94). 

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The reaction of ACPC with linear aliphatic amines has been investigated in a number of Ueda s papers [17,35,36]. Thus, ACPC was used for a interfacia] polycondensation with hexamethylene diamine at room temperature [17] yielding poly(amide)s. The polymeric material formed carried one azo group per repeating unit and exhibited a high thermal reactivity. By addition of styrene and methyl methacrylate to the MAI and heating, the respective block copolymers were formed. 

When ACPC was condensed with hexamethylene diamine in the presence of two other acid chlorides (seb-acoyl or adipoyl chloride), poly(amide)s 6.6 and 6.10 with various numbers of azo groups per repeating unit (between 0.14 and 1.0, depending on the ratio of the acid chlorides used) could be obtained [35,36]. Thus, block copolymers with a controlled segment length of the poly-(amide) blocks were attainable. 

Yagci and Deniziigil [44] applied the method of partial decomposition of MAIs introducing styrene and methyl methacrylate blocks into poly(amide)s. The poly-(amide)-based MAI had been prepared by a reaction of AIBN with formaldehyde (see Scheme 10). Evidently, since each unit of the preformed MAI carries one azo group, there are enough azo sites in every MAI molecule for a controlled and adjustable partial decomposition. 

Compositions of the ABS type may be mixed with other polymers. Suitable blend partners can be selected from poly(carbonate)s (PC)s, poly(ester)s, poly(ester carbonate)s and poly(amide)s (PA)s. Some especially preferred types, of these compounds and an overview of how to produced these types have been described (16). 

A photochromic polymer containing azobenzene units has also been prepared by modification of a naturally occurring microbial poly(E-L-lysine) (Scheme 5, Structure IX), and investigated by means of absorption and circular dichroism spectroscopy.1431 The structure of this polymer, however, does not correspond to those of polypeptides, which are poly(amide)s of a-amino acids, and therefore the results cannot be discussed in terms of the typical polypeptide structures (a-helix, P-structure, random coil) and their standard CD spectra. 

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (different cross-linkers) Poly(aayclic acid) (different cross-linkers) Various poly(amide)s (different substituents) Various poly(imide)s (different substituents) Nafion... 

Using the language of polymer chemistry, polypeptides made from two or more different a-amino acids are copolymers or irregular poly(amide)s, whereas poly(a-amino acid)s, H—[NH—CR R2—CO—]mOH, are homopolymers that could be described as members of the nylon[2] family. 

Poly(amide)s (PA)s that bear the sulfone group in the backbone have been described." These types of PA, which are based on 4,4 -bis-((3-carboxy-phenoxy)(p-benzoyl))-phenyl sulfone, c.f. Figure 7.7, or the corresponding 4-carboxy acid component" is amidized by an aromatic diamine, e.g., p-diaminobenzene. The direct polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid with aromatic diamines uses triphenyl phosphite and pyridine. The introduction of m-structures increases the solubility of the polymers and leads to... 

Binder resins for the injection molding method are poly(amide)s and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, and more recently poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and PPS, because of their superior properties. Crystalline resins such as PPS or PEEK require a high temperature for fusion molding of 350°C or higher, so that there is a disadvantage in that the magnetic powder of the rare earth is likely to be oxidized by the molding process. 

The incorporation of triazoles to various types of polymers enhances the thermal properties. Poly(amide)s that compose at temperatures of greater than 340°C without melting, can be prepared from various diazoles and triazoles. The materials are shown in Table 9.3. The thermal degrada-... 

The immediate direct quenching prevents the growth of large spher-ulites, which cause polymer brittleness and degrade mechanical properties of the solid state polymerized polymers. The method has been exemplified with poly(amide)s (PA)s and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). 

Aramid is an acronym originating from aromatic poly (amide). Wholly aromatic poly(amide)s (PA)s were described in the 1960s. Aramid fibers were originally intended to replace steel belting in vehicle tires. Aramids... 

Poly(amide imide)s (PAI)s have been used in the late 1960s as wire coating materials.Soon afterwards this class of polymers were considered for aerospace applications." Varieties with urethane units and ester units have been discussed. Now various grades, suitable for extrusion and injection molding are available. Thermosetting types are also on the market. PAIs are in between poly(amide)s (PA)s and poly(imide) (PI) in their properties. 

Poly(amide)s (PA)s that bear the sulfone group in the backbone have been described [52]. These types of PA, which are based on 4,4 -bis-((3-carboxyphenoxy)(p-benzoyl))-phenyl sulfone, c.f. 

Binder resins for the injection molding method are poly(amide)s and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, and more recently poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and PPS, because of their superior properties. Crys-... 

Poly(amide)s can be formed by a direct polycondensation with either aromatic or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. The polymers can be reinforced and thermally stabilized with silicon carbide. These poly(amide)s emit green or blue fluorescence in dilute A-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solution and in the solid state [77]. 

Examples of other polymers which have been reported as useful as a matrix material for delivery devices include poly(anhydride)s, polyesters such as poly(glycolide)s and poly(lactide-co-glycolide)s, poly(amino acid)s such as poly(lysine), polymers and copol5mers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), acrylic terminated PEO, poly(amide)s. 

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