Poly -alkanoic acid

Alkanes, dipurin-8-yl-synthesis, 5, 574 Alkanes, poly-N-pyrazoIyl-synthesis, 5, 320 Alkanoic acids, tetrazolyl-anti-inflammatory activity, 5, 835 Alkanoic acids, 4-thienyi-cyclization, 4, 905-906 Alkene metathesis mechanism, 1, 668 Alkenes activated... 

Poly(nHAMCL)s From Higher Alkanes and Alkanoic Acids. 60... 

The melting transition temperature and the heat of fusion of poly(nHAMCL) prepared from various alkanoic acids are collected in Table 5. The glass transition temperatures of poly(nHAMCL)s are usually between -30°C and -20°C. 

STEINBUCHEL, A., SCHLEGEL, H.G., Physiology and molecular genetics of poly((3-hydroxy-alkanoic acid) synthesis in Acaligenes eutrophus, Mol. Microbiol., 1991, 5, 535-542. 

Recently fluorinated chains were also attached to amine based dendrimers, like PPI and poly(amido amine) (PAMAM), by means of ionic self assembly with semiperfluorinated alkanoic acids (Fig. 71, 216, 217). All dendrimer complexes 216 with perfluorinated alkanoic acids show SmA phases except the fifth generation dendrimer which shows a Colrec phase [378]. Also semiperfluorinated 4-alkoxybenzoic acids 217 [379] and mixed systems combining fluorinated and nonfluorinated alkanoic or benzoic acids (216, 217) have been reported [379-381]. In most cases layer structures (SmA) and for higher generation dendrimers also modulated SmA phases (Colrec phases) were observed. The layer thickness of the SmA phases of the mixed complexes 216 depends on the ratio of fluorinated and non-fluorinated acids, where smaller d values were observed for dendrimers with low Rp-content for Rp-rich dendrimers the more rigid Rp-chains provide... 

Ashby, R. D., Solaiman, D. K. Y., and Foglia, T. A. 2002. The synthesis of short- and medium-chain-length poly(hydroxyalkanoate) mixtures from glucose- or alkanoic acid-grown Pseudomonas oleovorans. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 28,147-153. 

Steinbiichel A, Schlegel HG (1991) Physiology and molecular genetics of poly(beta-hydioxy-alkanoic acid) synthesis in Alcaligenes eutrophus. Mol Microbiol 5 535—542 Stubbe J, lian J (2003) Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) homeostasis the role of the PHA synthase. Nat Prod Rep 20 445-457... 

Kim, Y. B., Lenz, R. W., and Fuller,R. C., 1991, Preparation and characterization of poly(P-hydroxyalkanoates) obtained from Pseudomonas oleovorans grown with mixtures of 5-phenylvaleric acid and n-alkanoic acids. Macromolecules 24 5256... 

The book is organized in several chapters and deals with the most important biopolymer classes like the different polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, chitin), lignin, proteins and (polyhydroxy alkanoates) as raw materials for bio-based plastics, as well as with materials derived from bio-based monomers like lipids, poly(lactic acid), polyesters, polyamides and polyolefines. Additional chapters on general topics - the market and availability of renewable raw materials, the importance of bio-based content and the aspect of biodegradability - provide important information related to all bio-based polymer classes. 

Ewbank, P.C., R.S. Loewe, L. Zhai, J. Reddinger, G. Sauve, and R.D. McCullough. 2004. Regioregular poly(thiophene-3-alkanoic acid)s Water soluble conducting polymers suitable for chromatic chemosensing in solution and solid state. Tetrahedron 60 (49) 11269-11275. 

Poly(lactic acid) (PL A) is a renewable resource-based bioplastic with many advantages, compared to other synthetic polymers. PL A is eco-friendly, because, apart from being derived from renewable resources such as corn, wheat, or rice, it is recyclable and compostable [1, 2]. PLA is biocompatible, as it has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for direct contact with biological fluids [3] and has better thermal processability compared to other biopolymers such as poly(hydroxy alkanoate)s (PHAs), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), or poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) [4]. Moreover, PLA requires 25-55% less energy to be produced than petroleum-based polymers, and estimations show that this can be further reduced by 10% [5]. 

PBT Polybutylene terephthalate PC Polycarbonate PCL Poly-caprolactone PE Polyethylene PEI Polyether imide PES Polyether sulfide PET Polyethylene terephthalate PHA Polyhydroxy alkanoate PHB Polyhydroxy butyrate PLA Poly-lactic acid PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate PP Polypropylene PPE Polyphenylene ether PPO Polyphenylene oxide PPS Polyphenylene sulfide PS Polystyrene PSF Polysulfone... 

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