Plant test interpreting results

Interpreting Results. Objectivity is paramount in interpreting both bottle test and plant test results. Items to consider include the following. 

Yonkers et al, have tested the ozone susceptibility of 15 species of annuals common to the Mojave Desert just north and east of the Los Angeles basin (and San Bernardino Mountains). Compared with the susceptible pinto bean plants included in the experiment with ozone at 0.35 ppm, Plantago sp., Cercidium sp., and Prosopsis sp. were also sensitive. Further interpretation of these results is complicated by the influences of plant age and pre-exposure conditions. 

The burden of proof for such an unprecedented effect should be high, and the foregoing experiments with willows and tent caterpillars cannot be considered to constitute such proof. However, at the very least, they show that the results of experiments designed to test for changes in leaf quality of attacked plants should be Interpreted with caution, particularly if control plants are near attacked ones. 

This procedure defines the requirements for the monitoring of chemical and physical testing of water and the interpretation of the results related to the water system used in the injectable manufacturing plant. 

C-labelled active plant protection substances for 13 years (17, 18). The results indicate that intensive cooperation between plant protection chemists, phytopathologists, phytophysiologists and specialists in the radioisotope techniques is necessary to fully exploit the application possibilities and to interpret the results. The special experimental facilities at the JUlich Nuclear Research Center which include practically oriented field tests supplemented by detailed studies under defined climatic conditions enable practical and relevant results to be obtained (17-19). The aim of this contribution is to provide new insights and information on the system effectiveness and residue behavior of azole fungicides. 

A number of difficulties are associated with colour tests on fresh and dried plant material, in addition to those associated with analysing a primary amine such as mescaline. These include the fact that the plant material itself may obscure the colour reaction that takes place. Furthermore, a wide range of primary phenethy-lamines and amphetamines may yield similar colour reactions. The presumptive test which can be satisfactorily used is the Marquis test (see Appendix 1). Positive and negative control tests should also be carried out. An orange-red colour will develop if mescaline is present. However, due to the difficulties associated with interpretation of such results, further confirmation of the presence of mescaline, by using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, is required. 

Water Quality. This characteristic (i.e., turbidity) is usually difficult to interpret in the bottle test and consequently to correlate with plant behavior. Clear water is definitely the desired result. Complications, however, arise when solids are present in the crude oil. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the solids with the water, along with any oil adsorbed on these... 

We interpret the results to indicate that the borderline for firm deposition with equal gas and wall temperatures is between 800° and 850°C. This estimated temperature range depends very little on the slope of the borderline, because critical data points were obtained at nearly equal gas (particle) and wall temperatures. The slope shown on the graph was taken to be equal to the better-established borderline for the pilot plant deposits ( ), which is also shown in Figure 2. In the future, we expect to make additional tests to establish the borderline more precisely and to determine the effect of variables such as velocity and size of particles. 

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