Plant growth regulators abscisic acid

Quarrie, S.A. (1984). Abscisic acid and drought resistance in crop plants, British Plant Growth Regulator Group News, 1, 1-15. 

While other plant studies were conducted relative to other morphological observations and interactions with exogenously applied plant growth regulators such as indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid, the major message was that CB influenced cytoplasmic streaming, but not cell division perse, in plants. 

A. S. Dimoglo, 1. B. Bersuker, D. P. Popa, and K. 1. Kuchkova, Theor. Eksp. Khim., 5, 590 (1989). Electron-Topological Study of Plant Growth-Regulator Activity in Series of Analogs of the Abscisic Acid. 

Abscisic acid (ABA) (65), an important plant-growth regulator in higher plants, has been identified, for the first time, as an authentic metabolite of a fungus Cercospora rosicola). Further research on the constituents of bird s nest fungi cf. Vol. 7, p. 95 Vol. 8, p. 111) has established that the bicyclofarnesane lactones (66a—c) are produced by still cultures of Mycocalia reticulata Petch. An... 

There are five groups of plant-growth-regulating compounds auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, and abscisic acid. For the most part, each group contains both naturally occurring hormones and synthetic substances. 

Sesquiterpenes are the most numerous of all terpenoid compounds. The approximately 5000 known compounds of this type mostly can be grouped into about 30 major skeletal types, but at least 200 less common skeletal types are known (Fig. 21.1). The distribution of sesquiterpenes in plants is essentially the same as monoterpenes. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons are common essential oil components. Although only a few fungi accumulate monoterpenes, many accumulate sesquiterpenes. Abscisic acid, a plant growth-regulating compound, is synthesized as a sesquiterpene in fungi. Despite the fact that this compound often is considered a sesquiterpene, in higher plants abscisic acid is derived from the breakdown of xanthophylls and should be considered as a tetraterpene derivative see Chapter 26). 

Abscisic acid (44) is involved in a number of hormonal roles in plants (Fig. 26.16) (Milborrow, 1983). This plant growth-regulating compound, probably found in all higher plants, acts as a growth inhibitor and is involved in bud and seed dormancy. (+ )-(5)-Abscisic acid is a potent effector of stomatal closure. Abscisic acid also is linked to water stress resistance in plants. To date, the presence of abscisic acid has not been confirmed in bryophytes (Milborrow and Netting, 1991). 

Several carotenoid metabolites have important functions. The most important of these to consider is vitamin A, which is a metabolite of /8-carotene. This compound plays a key role in vision and in other biological reactions. The role of vitamin A in animals has been reviewed by Pitt (1971). Trisporic acid, also a metabolite of j8-carotene, is important in sexual reproduction in Mucorales, a group of fungi (Bu Lock et al., 1976). Sporopol-lenin, found in the outer layer (exine) of both spores and pollen, is considered a carotenoid polymer (Krinsky, 1971). It has been proposed that abscisic acid, an important plant growth regulator, may be a carotenoid metabolite, but a direct biosynthetic pathway from GGPP seems more probable (Burden and Taylor, 1976). 

Formation of abscisic acid 4.62), a plant growth regulator, is established to be from mevalonic acid 4.13) and involves loss of the (4-/>ro-5)-proton and (two-thirds) retention of the (4 ro-/ )-proton (at C-2). This is consistent with formation of 4.62), with its terminal... 

Radhakrishnan R, Lee IJ (2013b) Spermine promotes acclimation to osmotic stress by modifying antioxidant, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid signals in soybean. J Plant Growth Regul 32 22-30... 

Taylor, I. B., T. Sonneveld et al. (2005). Regulation and manipulation of the biosynthesis of abscisic acid, including the supply of xanthophyll precursors. J. Plant Growth Reg. 24(4) 253-273. 

Abscisic acid/plant growth hormone regulator that triggers abscission and closing of stomata... 

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