Pipelines, paraffin deposition

Puskas et al. extracted paraffinic deposits from oil wells and pipelines (47). This hydrophobic paraffin derivative had a high molar mass and melting point and contained polar end groups (carbonyls). This paraffinic derivative stabilized water-in-oil emulsions at concentrations of 1 to 2%. 

Uses Dispersant that penetrates, removes and prevents the redeposition of paraffin deposits, cleaning the production equipment of accumulations reduces the flow resistance of hydrocarbons in flowlines and pipelines under cold conditions Features Compatible with most other paraffin chemicals, additives and organic solvents typically used in the formulation of paraffin compds. 

The composition of natural gas varies with the source, but essentially is made up of methane, ethane, propane, and other paraffinic hydrocarbons, along with small amounts of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and. in some deposits, helium. Natural gas is found underground at various depths and pressures, as well as in solution with crude-oil deposits. Principal gas deposits are found in the United States, Canada, the former Soviet Bloc, and the Middle East. The analysis of a gas sample taken from the Panhandle natural gas field in Texas is given in Table 1. Because numerous parts of the earth do not have natural gas at all, or where supply is less than demand, much natural gas is transported, notably by pipeline in the gaseous or liquid phase and across the seas in specially-designed LNG (liquefied natural gas) earners. 

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