Pilot testing generally

Company X s Corporate Safety Director, who has acted as a consultant to the Task Force, will continue as an advisor during the pilot test. As the company s PSM champion, he will be actively involved in the monitoring, reviewing, and recommendations phases. The Safety Director reports to Company X s General Manager—Environmental, Health, and Safety. 

The scale-up of mechanically stirred gas-liquid reactors mainly involves reactor size and stirrer size, and is generally based on homothetic designs from pilot tests. The similitude in the scale-up means that the following parameters are - or at least should be - kept constant ... 

The pilot test results demonstrate that contaminant retardation by an SMZ permeable barrier can be well predicted from laboratory characterization of the SMZ. Furthermore, the engineered water control, sampling, and containment system developed for this project serves as a general model for testing permeable barrier performance. 

One additional mini-pilot test was conducted in June 1998 to provide additional data for evaluating the success of the AS operation and the potential need to restart the SVE system. The results of this test showed that hydrocarbon concentrations were generally less than 100 ppm and oxygen concentrations were above 20 percent in all wells except one, which had an oxygen content of 19.9 percent (DBS A 1998). These data showed that continued operation of the SVE system would not be effective. 

As with other agitated extractors, the fin design of a commercial-scale Karr column is based on pilot test data. The column vendor should be consulted for specific information. The following general procedure is recommended ... 

September 23, 1994, followed by 0.327 PV ASP flood, and 0.273 PV polymer drive and water drive. The ASP solution viscosity was 16 mPa s. During water preflush, the oil recovery before ASP was 31.63% from the SII1.3 layer. The response to ASP injection was observed in November 1994 (after 0.0693 PV of injection). The average water cut in the entire pilot area decreased from 82.7% to a low of 59.7%, and the daily oil production increased from 37 mVd toapeakof91.5 mVd. The water injectivity decreased from 1.75 mV(md-MPa), stabilized at about 1.42 mV(m-d-MPa), and then dropped to 1.19 mV(m d-MPa). In general, after an ASP slug is injected, flow resistance increases, and water injectivity decreases. The simulation prediction showed about 20% incremental oil recovery factor over waterflood. The early performance matched very well with the simulation prediction. In this pilot test, the simulator used was GCOMP. 

In particular, technical references on chemical EOR are needed because petroleum professionals have not been trained in this area in the past 20 years. Except for some chapters in a few books that discuss general EOR, a comprehensive and systematic chemical EOR book has not been published. The purpose of this book is to complement the current literature on EOR. More important, it summarizes the results of research, pilot tests, and field applications in China because oil companies and research organizations there have continually made the effort to develop and apply chemical EOR technology during the past three decades. 

Table IV shows the effect of different soil temperatures and residence times on residual 2,3,7,8-TCDD for MCBC pilot tests. Table V presents the analytical results for 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, and total CDD and CDF. Analytical detection levels for 2,3,7,8-TCDD and the various congeners were generally less than 0.1 ng/g but varied from sample to sample, ranging from 0.018 ng/g to 0.51 ng/g.

In oxy-burner testing, generally two types of measurements are involved (i) measurements inside flames and (ii) global measurements in the furnace. In-flame measurements include chemical composition, flame temperature profile, and optical properties. Global measurements include flame shape, emissions, heat flux, and measurements taken on the load. Figure 27.13 shows typical measurements and their locations in an oxy-pilot furnace. 

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