Physician performance Human

Robotics is an interdisciplinary scientific field concerned with the design, development, operation, and assessment of electromechanical devices used to perform tasks that would otherwise require human action. Robotics applications can be found in almost every arena of modern life. Robots, for example, are widely used in industrial assembly lines to perform repetitive tasks. They have also been developed to help physicians perform difficult surgeries and are essential to the operation of many advanced military vehicles. Among the most promising robot technologies are those that draw on biological models to solve problems, such as robots whose limbs and joints are designed to mimic those of insects and other animals. 

To the Editor One wonders how Dr. Perry can insist on the right to publish all his research in the open literature and yet withhold it from the military. I would point out to the professor that the majority of physicians in the armed forces are not there by desire. They recognize that they have a duty to perform, a very large part of which is to save human life. It is therefore most difficult to protest when by protest, lives might be lost. Finally, I am glad Dr. Perry described his own protest. It is feeble. 

Human menopausal gonadotropin, uFSH or rFSH should be administered only by a physician experienced in treating infertility. Before treatment of women, a thorough gynecologic evaluation must be performed to rule out uterine, tubal, or ovarian diseases as well as pregnancy. In cases of irregular bleeding, uterine cancer should be ruled out. 

Further studies, in humans, comparing OCCR and CCCR were not performed [15], and OCCR gradually was reduced to a specialized technique, performed by a few physicians under a limited number of conditions. 

Leape, drawing on the psychology of error and human performance, rejected this formulation on several counts. Many errors are often beyond the individual s conscious control they are precipitated by a wide range of factors, which are often also beyond the individual s control systems that rely on error-free performance are doomed to failure, as are reactive attempts to error prevention that rely on discipline and training. He went on to argue that if physicians, nurses, pharmacists and administrators were to succeed in reducing errors in hospital care, they would need to fundamentally change the way they think about errors (Leape, 1994). 

A study of a 6-bed intensive care unit performed over a period of 6 months reported that there were 554 human errors [22]. A detailed analysis of these human errors revealed that about 29% of them were considered severe or potentially detrimental to the patients. Furthermore, about 55% of the errors were committed by nurses and the remaining 45% by physicians [22]. 

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