Physical and rheological

GETMAT Reads and echo prints physical and rheological parameters and the penalty parameter used in the simulation. 

The flow of compressible and non-compressible liquids, gases, vapors, suspensions, slurries and many other fluid systems has received sufficient study to allow definite evaluation of conditions for a variety of process situations for Newtonian fluids. For the non-Newtonian fluids, considerable data is available. However, its correlation is not as broad in application, due to the significant influence of physical and rheological properties. This presentation is limited to Newtonian systems, except where noted. 

Haug I.J., Draget K.I., Smidsr0d O. 2004. Physical and rheological properties of fish gelatin compared to mammalian gelatin. Food Hydrocolloids 18, 203-213. 

Chaisawang, M., Suphantharika, M. (2005). Effect of guar gum and xanthan gum additions on physical and rheological properties of cationic tapioca starch. Carbohydr. Polym., 61,288-295. 

TABLE I. Selected Physical and Rheological Properties of Extrusion Texturized Soy... 

Modification of the Properties of Fats and Oiis Transesterification reactions (interesterification and acidolysis) of triacylglycerols have been an important tool in fats and oils processing for the modification of their physical and rheological properties by changing the composition and distribution of their fatty acids. 

Munoz-Ruiz A, Monedero Perales MC, Velasco Antequera MV, Jimenez-Castellanos MR. Physical and rheological properties of raw materials. STP Pharma (Set) 1993 3 307-312. 

Several applications can be found in literature regarding the use of NIR for the paediction of the main physical and rheological parameters of pasta and bread. De Temmerman et al. in 2007 proposed near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy for in-line determination of moisture concentrations in semolina pasta immediately after the extrusion process. Several pasta samples with different moisture concentrations were extruded while the reflectance spectra between 308 and 1704 ran were measured. An adequate prediction model was developed based on the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method using leave-one-out cross-validation. Good results were obtained with R2 = 0,956 and very low level of RMSECV. This creates opportunities for measuring the moisture content with a low-cost sensor. 

The variations of the physical and rheological properties of the material with the reaction are described by constitutive equations. In particular, changes in viscosity with reaction extent can encompass several orders of magnitude, so it is important to establish adequate rheoldnetic relationships. 

Gas holdup is a key parameter to characterize the macroscopic hydrodynamics of three-phase fluidization systems. The gas holdup depends on gas and liquid velocities, gas distributor design, column geometry (diameter and height), physical and rheological... 

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