Phosphors erbium

Behenic acid Dicatechol borate, di-o-tolyl guanidine salt Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate activator, phosphate solutions Zinc oxide activator, phosphor Erbium oxide Terbium activator, plastics Triallyl trimellitate activator, potting... 

Erbium 68 Er Infrared-absorbing glasses, phosphor activator... 

The separation of yttrium from holmium and erbium by chromatography and elution at different acidities was investigated during a study of the distribution coefficients of the elements in chloride and nitrate systems of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid. The first silver(i) yttrium double molybdate, AgY(Mo04)2, has been reported. ... 

Lai -j Ce TbyP04 exhibit strong green emission radiation. Such kinds of compounds are called phosphors and are used to display color in television. Terbium is also used as an alloy material in compact discs, see also Cerium Dysprosium Erbium Europium Gadolinium Holmium Lanthanum Lutetium Neodymium Praseodymium Promethium Samarium Ytterbium. 

Dierbium trioxide EINECS 235-045-7 Erbia Erbium oxide Erbium oxide (Er203) Erbium sesquioxide Erbium trioxide Erbium(3- ) oxide Erbium(lll) oxide. Phosphor activator, infrared-absorbing glass Solid d 8,64 changing into crystals on heating at 1300 soluble in acids, H2O, Aiomergic Chametals Cerac Noah Cham. Rhone-Poulenc. 

S3/2— I15/2) of erbium ion have a laige emission section and are easy to achieve upconversion, so erbium ion is a good active ion as upconversion phosphors materials. The energy level transition( l]3/2— I15/2) can emit out 1.5 pm eye-safe laser radiation and the ion is also a well active ion for the eye-safe laser material. Gd203 powder with a cubic structure is a good host material for its excellent photics and thermal properties. It not only can be used as upconversion phosphors material but also can be used to prepare transparent ceramics as a host material. 

Erbium is also applied in phosphors that can convert infrared light into visible light. This results in a green image (Emsley 2001). 

Yi GS, Sun BQ, Yang FZ, Chen DP, Zhou YX, Cheng J. Synthesis and characterization of high-efficiency nanocrystal up-conversion phosphors ytterbium and erbium codoped lanthanum molybdate. Chem Mater 2002 14(7) 2910. 

Two simple examples will be given in order to illustrate the instrumentation and the primary data treatment. The discussion is focused on the technical problems and the interpretation of the results is left to a minimum. The first example deals with the resonance energy transfer (RET) from europium to an organic fluorophore. The distance between the donor and acceptor is kept constant by an oligonucleotide. RET is a very common technique in the case of lanthanides, and therefore the discussion is somewhat lengthy and detailed. The second example deals with a sample of upconversion phosphor containing yttrium, ytterbium and erbium. 

Erbium (Er) Erbium is used in lasers, phosphors, garnet, microwave devices, ferrite bubbles devices, and catalysts. 

Multiplex detection using UPT was performed by Corstjens et al. [36] for the simultaneous detection of human antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus, Myobacterium tuberculosis and hepatitis C virus by using different antibodies adsorbed on adjacent test lines and one type of UCNPs. Hampl et al. [38] used two different types of particles (a thulium oxysulfide phosphor with blue emission and an erbium oxysulfide phosphor with green emission, both after being excited at 980 nm) for simultaneous detection of mouse IgG and ovalbumin. 

Besides triplet-triplet annihilation, a further process for achieving upconversion luminescence emission under continuous wave low-energy irradiation is based oti the use of lanthanide ions, most often erbium, holmium, and thulium (III) cations. In particular, a large variety of phosphors based on an inorganic host doped by lanthanide cations have been developed. The abundance of available states in these cations opens a large variety of paths for upconversion. As an example (Scheme 7.6), upconversion nanoparticles codoped with ytterbium and erbium cations exhibit a green emission due to the transitions from Hn/2 and respectively " Sn/2 excited states to the ground state as well as a red emission from the F9/2 state [10]. 

Phosphorescence and Fluorescence Many ceramics phosphoresce and fluoresce. These ceramics find applications in fluorescent lights, oscilloscope screens, television screens, electroluminescent lamps, photocopy lamps, and lasers. Lasers include tungstates, fluorides, molybdates, and garnet compositions doped with chromium, neodymium, europium, erbium, praseodymium, and so on. Ceramic phosphor is Ca5(P04)3(Cl,F) or Sr5(P04)3(Cl,F) doped with Sb and Mn. Figure 1.9 shows some configurations of fluorescent lights. 

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